| Size | Price | |
|---|---|---|
| 500mg | ||
| 1g | ||
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
The specific molecular targets of γ-gurjunene have not been fully elucidated. Current research suggests that its anti-inflammatory effects may be mediated through the inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines and enzymes; its antimicrobial activity may involve disruption of bacterial cell membrane structures or interference with cell wall synthesis. Additionally, this compound may interact with cell membrane receptors, modulating signaling pathways to produce its observed biological effects.
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|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
In vitro studies have demonstrated that γ-gurjunene exhibits multiple biological activities: Antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Anti-inflammatory activity through inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Anticancer activity – γ-gurjunene (3.14% content in Dipterocarpus alatus oleo-resin) shows cytotoxicity against U937 human leukemia cells. Antioxidant activity through free radical scavenging capacity, helping to reduce oxidative stress.
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| Cell Assay |
Cytotoxicity Assay: The neutral red (NR) uptake method is used to determine the cytotoxicity of γ-gurjunene against various human tumor cell lines. HCT116 (human colon cancer), SKLU1 (human lung cancer), SK-MEL2 (human melanoma), SiHa (human cervical cancer), and U937 (human leukemia) cells are seeded in 96-well plates and incubated with varying concentrations of γ-gurjunene for a defined period. After incubation, neutral red dye is added, and absorbance at 540 nm is measured to assess the proportion of viable cells.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
γ-Gurjunene has a molecular weight of 204.35 g/mol and the molecular formula C₁₅H₂₄. Physicochemical properties: logP approximately 4.51-5.73 (highly lipophilic), water solubility approximately 0.0055 g/L, with 0 hydrogen bond donors and 0 hydrogen bond acceptors. Henry's law constant (Hscp) is 3.3×10⁻⁴ mol/(m³·Pa) with a temperature dependence of 3700 K. Boiling point is 264-266°C, density ranges from 0.89-0.918 g/cm³. It is soluble in DMSO, and common in vivo formulation options include DMSO:PEG300:Tween 80:saline (10:40:5:45). Storage conditions: Powder is stable for 3 years at -20°C and 2 years at 4°C; solutions are stable for 6 months at -80°C and 1 month at -20°C.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
γ-Guargunene is a sesquiterpene. It has been reported to exist in Calypogeia muelleriana, Tetradenia riparia, and other organisms with relevant data.
γ-Gurjunene (CAS: 22567-17-5) is a sesquiterpenoid compound, named for its initial isolation from Gurjun balsam. This compound is one of the components of various medicinal plant essential oils, with a content of up to 3.14% in the oleoresin of Dipterocarpaceae plants. Research has shown its potential application value in antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer activities, although its detailed pharmacological mechanism of action, in vivo pharmacodynamics, and toxicological data still require further investigation. This compound is for research use only. |
| Molecular Formula |
C15H24
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
204.351064682007
|
| Exact Mass |
204.188
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| CAS # |
22567-17-5
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| PubChem CID |
90805
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| Appearance |
Typically exists as solid at room temperature
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| Density |
0.89g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
276.5ºC at 760mmHg
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| Flash Point |
108.9ºC
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.008mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
n20/D 1.502
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| LogP |
4.581
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
0
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
0
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
1
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| Heavy Atom Count |
15
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| Complexity |
284
|
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
|
| SMILES |
C12CCC(C)C1=CC(C(=C)C)CCC2C
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| InChi Key |
DUYRYUZIBGFLDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C15H24/c1-10(2)13-7-5-11(3)14-8-6-12(4)15(14)9-13/h9,11-14H,1,5-8H2,2-4H3
|
| Chemical Name |
1,4-dimethyl-7-prop-1-en-2-yl-1,2,3,3a,4,5,6,7-octahydroazulene
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| Synonyms |
DTXSID101037142; RefChem:639587; DTXCID601765780; 245-084-1;
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 4.8936 mL | 24.4678 mL | 48.9356 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.9787 mL | 4.8936 mL | 9.7871 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.4894 mL | 2.4468 mL | 4.8936 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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