| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Coenzyme Q8 functions as an electron carrier in the mitochondrial electron transport chain, specifically accepting electrons from complexes I and II and transferring them to complex III. It also acts as a lipid-soluble antioxidant, scavenging free radicals and preventing lipid peroxidation in membranes. As a kinase-like protein, it is involved in protein autophosphorylation and the ubiquinone biosynthetic process, localizing to the outer surface of the mitochondrial inner membrane.
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro, Coenzyme Q8 exhibits antioxidant properties by reducing oxidative stress in cell-free systems. It supports bacterial respiratory function and enhances host resistance to bacterial infections. Differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction studies have characterized its thermotropic properties and interactions with membrane lipids. In reconstituted systems, it demonstrates electron transfer capability similar to other ubiquinone homologs, contributing to mitochondrial respiration studies.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, Coenzyme Q8 enhances non-specific resistance to bacterial infections, as demonstrated in animal models of bacterial challenge. It stimulates macrophage phagocytosis and increases antibody-producing cells, supporting immune function. It maintains bacterial respiratory function in gut microbiota and may contribute to overall host defense. It has been studied in long-lived mutant strains of Caenorhabditis elegans, where it mediates electron transfer and reduces oxidative stress.
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| Enzyme Assay |
The electron transfer activity of Coenzyme Q8 can be assessed spectrophotometrically in isolated mitochondrial membranes. Membrane preparations are incubated with NADH (substrate for complex I) and 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol as an artificial electron acceptor. The reduction of DCIP is monitored at 600 nm. Coenzyme Q8 is added to reconstitute activity in ubiquinone-depleted membranes, and the rate of electron transfer is calculated using an extinction coefficient of 21 mM-¹cm-¹.
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| Cell Assay |
Cellular antioxidant activity can be assessed using macrophages (e.g., RAW 264.7 cells) treated with Coenzyme Q8 (1-100 uM) for 24 h, followed by oxidative stress induction with H2O2 or LPS. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels are measured using DCFH-DA fluorescence (ex 485/em 535 nm). Phagocytic activity is quantified by incubation with fluorescently labeled bacteria and flow cytometry. Enhanced resistance to oxidative stress and increased phagocytosis are characteristic readouts.
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| Animal Protocol |
In a mouse infection model, animals are pretreated with Coenzyme Q8 (10-50 mg/kg) orally or intraperitoneally for 7-14 days. Bacterial challenge is performed by injecting E. coli or S. aureus intravenously or intraperitoneally. Survival rates are monitored over 7-14 days. At endpoint, bacterial load in blood, liver, and spleen is quantified by colony counting. Macrophage phagocytic activity is assessed by ex vivo analysis of peritoneal macrophages. Coenzyme Q8 treatment enhances bacterial clearance and improves survival.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Coenzyme Q8 is a lipophilic molecule with low water solubility, typically formulated in oils or lipid emulsions for in vivo administration. After oral administration, it is absorbed via chylomicron incorporation in the intestine and distributed to tissues, with highest accumulation in liver, heart, and kidney. The plasma half-life in rodents is approximately 4-8 hours. It is metabolized by side-chain shortening and conjugation before biliary excretion. Bioavailability is enhanced when administered with dietary fat.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Coenzyme Q8 is considered to have low acute toxicity, consistent with other ubiquinone homologs. The oral LD₅0 in rats is estimated to be >5000 mg/kg, indicating high safety margin. No significant adverse effects have been reported at typical research doses. It may cause mild gastrointestinal discomfort at very high doses. Skin and eye irritation potential is low. The compound is not classified as a carcinogen by IARC or NTP. It is used exclusively for research purposes, not for human therapeutic administration.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Ubiquinone-8 is a ubiquinone whose structure comprises a 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methylbenzoquinone nucleus (a structure common to all ubiquinones) and a side chain consisting of eight isoprene units. It can be used as a biomarker. Ubiquinone-8 is a metabolite found or produced in Escherichia coli (strain K12, MG1655). Coenzyme Q8 has also been reported to exist in Rhizopus spp. and Rhizopus rubiginii, with relevant data available.
Coenzyme Q8 is not an approved drug; it is a research biochemical for studying electron transport chain function, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial biology. It serves as a standard for ubiquinone quantification and as a tool for investigating the role of CoQ homologs in aging and longevity. It is structurally similar to Coenzyme Q10 (ubiquinone-10) but with a shorter isoprenoid side chain, making it valuable for comparative studies of isoprenoid tail length on membrane behavior and electron transfer efficiency. |
| Molecular Formula |
C49H74O4
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
727.11
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| Exact Mass |
726.559
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| CAS # |
2394-68-5
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| PubChem CID |
5283546
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
0.97g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
782.9ºC at 760mmHg
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| Flash Point |
303.2ºC
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| LogP |
14.4
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
0
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
4
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
25
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| Heavy Atom Count |
53
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| Complexity |
1520
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
CC1=C(C(=O)C(=C(C1=O)OC)OC)C/C=C(\C)/CC/C=C(\C)/CC/C=C(\C)/CC/C=C(\C)/CC/C=C(\C)/CC/C=C(\C)/CC/C=C(\C)/CCC=C(C)C
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| InChi Key |
ICFIZJQGJAJRSU-SGHXUWJISA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C49H74O4/c1-36(2)20-13-21-37(3)22-14-23-38(4)24-15-25-39(5)26-16-27-40(6)28-17-29-41(7)30-18-31-42(8)32-19-33-43(9)34-35-45-44(10)46(50)48(52-11)49(53-12)47(45)51/h20,22,24,26,28,30,32,34H,13-19,21,23,25,27,29,31,33,35H2,1-12H3/b37-22+,38-24+,39-26+,40-28+,41-30+,42-32+,43-34+
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| Chemical Name |
2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-[(2E,6E,10E,14E,18E,22E,26E)-3,7,11,15,19,23,27,31-octamethyldotriaconta-2,6,10,14,18,22,26,30-octaenyl]cyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione
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| Synonyms |
Coenzyme Q8; Ubiquinone 8
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 1.3753 mL | 6.8765 mL | 13.7531 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.2751 mL | 1.3753 mL | 2.7506 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1375 mL | 0.6877 mL | 1.3753 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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