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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Triacetonamine hydrochloride does not have a specific pharmacological target as a therapeutic agent. It is primarily used as a chemical intermediate for the synthesis of pharmaceutical products, pesticides, and photostabilizers for polymers. In toxicological research, the compound is used to induce acute liver failure (ALF) in rats, serving as a model for studying liver disease and potential hepatoprotective agents.
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| ln Vitro |
As a chemical intermediate and toxicological research tool, Triacetonamine hydrochloride is not evaluated for traditional in vitro pharmacological activity. The compound is used to induce liver injury in animal models for the study of acute liver failure. Its utility lies in its ability to cause reproducible hepatotoxicity, enabling the evaluation of potential therapeutic interventions for liver disease.
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| ln Vivo |
Triacetonamine (purchased from MCE; 200 mg, 300 mg, 400 mg/Kg/day; gavage; 2 days) hydrochloride showed typical ALF hepatointestinal pathology at doses of 300 mg/Kg/day and 400 mg/Kg/day, while the mortality rate was higher in the 400 mg/Kg/day group [2].
Triacetonamine hydrochloride demonstrates in vivo activity as an inducer of acute liver failure in rats. Oral administration of the compound at doses of 300 mg/kg/day and 400 mg/kg/day for 2 days shows typical hepatoenteropathology of ALF, while the group of 400 mg/kg/day had higher mortality. The compound has oral activity, enabling convenient administration via gavage. |
| Enzyme Assay |
Non-cell-based assays for Triacetonamine hydrochloride are not applicable as the compound is a chemical intermediate and toxicological research tool rather than a drug candidate. Analytical methods for detecting Triacetonamine hydrochloride in biological and environmental samples typically involve GC-MS or LC-MS/MS with appropriate extraction and cleanup procedures.
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| Cell Assay |
Cell-based assays for Triacetonamine hydrochloride are not typically performed as the compound is used primarily as a chemical intermediate and in vivo toxicological tool. Hepatocyte cultures could potentially be used to study the compound's hepatotoxic mechanisms, but the compound is primarily used in animal models.
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| Animal Protocol |
Animal/Disease Models: Rats (half male and female, 6-8 weeks old, 200 ± 10 g)[2]
Doses: 200 mg, 300 mg, 400 mg/Kg Route of Administration: Gavage; daily; 2 days Experimental Results: Showed typical hepatoenteropathology of ALF with 300 mg/Kg/day and 400 mg/Kg/day, while the group of 400 mg/Kg/day had higher mortality. In vivo animal studies with Triacetonamine hydrochloride are conducted in rats to induce acute liver failure. A typical protocol involves: using rats (half male and female, 6-8 weeks old, 200 ± 10 g), administering Triacetonamine hydrochloride via gavage at doses of 200 mg, 300 mg, or 400 mg/kg/day for 2 days. Results show typical hepatoenteropathology of ALF with 300 mg/kg/day and 400 mg/kg/day, while the group of 400 mg/kg/day had higher mortality. |
| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic properties of Triacetonamine hydrochloride have not been extensively reported. The compound has a molecular weight of 191.7 g/mol and a molecular formula of C9H18ClNO. Triacetonamine hydrochloride has oral activity. The compound is stored as a powder at room temperature, protected from moisture.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Triacetonamine hydrochloride is a hepatotoxic compound that can induce acute liver failure in rats at doses of 300–400 mg/kg/day. The compound is used as a chemical intermediate for the synthesis of pharmaceutical products, pesticides, and photostabilizers for polymers. Appropriate safety precautions should be followed when handling the compound, as it is a controlled substance with hepatotoxic properties.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Triacetonamine hydrochloride (2,2,6,6-Tetramethyl-4-piperidone hydrochloride, CAS 33973-59-0) is a compound with oral activity that can induce acute liver failure (ALF) in rats. It is used as an intermediate for the synthesis of pharmaceutical products, pesticides, and photostabilizers for polymers. The compound is also described as having central depressive effects and is available as a research reagent for toxicological and chemical synthesis applications.
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| Molecular Formula |
C9H18CLNO
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| Molecular Weight |
191.70
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| Exact Mass |
191.107
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| CAS # |
33973-59-0
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| Related CAS # |
826-36-8 (Parent)
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| PubChem CID |
94452
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| Appearance |
Yellow to brown solid powder
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| Density |
0.882g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
205.6ºC at 760mmHg
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| Melting Point |
198 °C (dec.)(lit.)
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| Flash Point |
73.2ºC
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| LogP |
2.626
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
2
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
2
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
0
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| Heavy Atom Count |
12
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| Complexity |
164
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
CC1(CC(=O)CC(N1)(C)C)C.Cl
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| InChi Key |
ZXNWYMNKYXUZGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C9H17NO.ClH/c1-8(2)5-7(11)6-9(3,4)10-8;/h10H,5-6H2,1-4H3;1H
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| Chemical Name |
2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-one;hydrochloride
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
Typically soluble in DMSO (e.g. 10 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 5.2165 mL | 26.0824 mL | 52.1648 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.0433 mL | 5.2165 mL | 10.4330 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.5216 mL | 2.6082 mL | 5.2165 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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