| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 5mg |
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| 10mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Cholesteryl‑Teg azide does not target a specific protein or receptor; instead, it serves as a chemical handle for introducing cholesterol modifications into various molecules. The cholesterol moiety enables the resulting conjugate to associate with cell membranes, lipoproteins, or lipid droplets, thereby influencing the biodistribution and cellular trafficking of the payload. When attached to siRNA or antisense oligonucleotides, the cholesterol tag facilitates binding to serum lipoproteins, which can enhance delivery to hepatocytes and other tissues. The compound is a tool for modifying the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of therapeutic nucleic acids and imaging probes.
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro, Cholesteryl‑Teg azide itself has no intrinsic biological activity; it is used as a reactant for postsynthetic labelling of alkyne‑containing compounds. After conjugation, the cholesterol‑modified product shows increased lipophilicity, which can be measured by changes in retention time on reversed‑phase HPLC. The modified oligonucleotides exhibit enhanced cellular uptake in cultured cells (e.g., HeLa or HepG2) compared to unmodified controls, as determined by flow cytometry when a fluorophore is also present. The cholesterol tag does not impair the functional activity of the conjugated molecule, such as siRNA‑mediated gene silencing, provided the conjugation site is carefully chosen.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, cholesterol‑modified nucleic acids prepared using this reagent have been studied in mouse models for improved delivery to liver and other tissues. The cholesterol moiety promotes association with lipoprotein particles, prolonging circulation time and reducing renal excretion. For example, cholesterol‑conjugated siRNA shows enhanced accumulation in the liver and improved knockdown of target genes compared to unconjugated siRNA. The compound is therefore a valuable intermediate for developing lipid‑based delivery systems. However, the azide precursor itself is not administered as a drug; it is only used to synthesise the active conjugates.
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| Enzyme Assay |
The typical conjugation protocol involves CuAAC reaction: the azide compound (1–5 equivalents) is mixed with an alkyne‑modified biomolecule (1 equivalent) in a buffer such as PBS or HEPES (pH 7–8), along with copper sulfate (0.1–1 mM), sodium ascorbate (1–5 mM), and a stabilizing ligand (e.g., TBTA or THPTA). The reaction is incubated at room temperature or 37°C for 1–24 h, and progress is monitored by mass spectrometry or gel electrophoresis. The product is purified by size‑exclusion chromatography or HPLC. Unreacted azide is removed by extraction or dialysis. The yield is typically >70% under optimised conditions.
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| Cell Assay |
For in vitro cell studies, the cholesterol‑modified conjugate (e.g., fluorescently labelled siRNA) is incubated with cultured cells at concentrations of 0.1–10 µM for 4–24 h. Cellular uptake is quantified by flow cytometry or fluorescence microscopy. To confirm membrane incorporation, cells can be stained with lipid dyes and co‑localisation assessed. Cytotoxicity of the modified product is evaluated using MTT or LDH assays to ensure that the modification does not adversely affect cell viability. Functional activity, such as gene knockdown, is measured by qPCR or Western blot. Competition experiments with free cholesterol can be performed to assess receptor‑mediated uptake.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo studies using conjugates derived from Cholesteryl‑Teg azide are performed in rodents, typically mice. The conjugate is administered intravenously at doses ranging from 0.5 to 5 mg/kg depending on the payload. Blood samples are collected at various time points (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 24 h) for PK analysis. Tissue distribution is assessed by ex vivo fluorescence imaging or by measuring the payload concentration via qPCR or LC‑MS. For therapeutic efficacy, tumour‑bearing mice may be dosed multiple times, and tumour volume is monitored. The cholesterol modification generally improves exposure and target engagement.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic properties of the azide compound itself are not well characterised because it is a reagent, but cholesterol‑modified conjugates typically show extended half‑lives (2–6 h in mice) compared to their unmodified counterparts (30–60 min). The TEG spacer reduces aggregation and improves solubility, while the cholesterol group increases plasma protein binding (>80%). The compound is metabolically stable, and the azide group does not react under physiological conditions. Clearance is primarily via hepatic uptake and biliary excretion. The molecular weight is approximately 600–700 g/mol.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicological data for Cholesteryl‑Teg azide are limited, as it is a research chemical. Standard hazard assessments indicate that azides can be explosive when heated or exposed to strong acids, so handling requires care (avoid metal冲击, use plastic spatulas). In animal studies using the final conjugates, no overt toxicity is observed at therapeutic doses, but the azide itself should be treated as potentially toxic. It is not intended for human use. The compound should be stored at –20°C in the dark under inert atmosphere.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Additional information: This reagent is a key building block for the synthesis of cholesterol‑modified oligonucleotides, which have been explored for therapeutic applications, notably in RNA interference. Clinical candidates such as inclisiran (a cholesterol‑conjugated siRNA) have been approved, though they use different conjugation strategies. The TEG spacer provides flexibility and water solubility, making it superior to simpler cholesterol‑alkyl linkers. The compound is not a drug itself but is widely used in pharmaceutical R&D. It is available from chemical suppliers for research purposes, and its CAS number is 1391826‑58‑6. For long‑term storage, desiccated conditions are recommended.
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| Molecular Formula |
C36H62N4O5
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
630.901290416718
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| Exact Mass |
630.472
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| CAS # |
1391826-58-6
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| PubChem CID |
99937269
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| Appearance |
ointment
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| LogP |
9.4
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
1
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
7
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
19
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| Heavy Atom Count |
45
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| Complexity |
1020
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
8
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| SMILES |
C[C@]12CC[C@H](OC(=O)NCCOCCOCCOCCN=[N+]=[N-])CC1=CC[C@@]1([H])[C@]3([H])CC[C@]([H])([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]3(C)CC[C@]21[H]
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| InChi Key |
POWZASPNLQFLJO-MKQVXYPISA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C36H62N4O5/c1-26(2)7-6-8-27(3)31-11-12-32-30-10-9-28-25-29(13-15-35(28,4)33(30)14-16-36(31,32)5)45-34(41)38-17-19-42-21-23-44-24-22-43-20-18-39-40-37/h9,26-27,29-33H,6-8,10-25H2,1-5H3,(H,38,41)/t27-,29+,30+,31-,32+,33+,35+,36-/m1/s1
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| Chemical Name |
[(3S,8S,9S,10R,13R,14S,17R)-10,13-dimethyl-17-[(2R)-6-methylheptan-2-yl]-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl] N-[2-[2-[2-(2-azidoethoxy)ethoxy]ethoxy]ethyl]carbamate
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
Typically soluble in DMSO (e.g. 10 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 1.5850 mL | 7.9252 mL | 15.8504 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.3170 mL | 1.5850 mL | 3.1701 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1585 mL | 0.7925 mL | 1.5850 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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