| Size | Price | |
|---|---|---|
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Alkyl/ether
PROTAC Linkers. |
|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
One ligand is for an E3 ubiquitin ligase, and the other is for the target protein; these two ligands are joined by a linker to form PROTACs. The intracellular ubiquitin-proteasome system is utilized by PROTACs to specifically destroy target proteins[1].
As a linker molecule, Br-C3-methyl ester itself has no intrinsic biological activity; it serves as a structural connector to join a target protein ligand and an E3 ubiquitin ligase ligand in PROTAC synthesis. The methyl ester is a protecting group that can be removed under basic conditions to reveal a carboxylic acid for amide bond formation. |
| ln Vivo |
No specific in vivo activity has been reported for this linker alone; its activity is derived from the final PROTAC molecule after conjugation with appropriate ligands. The in vivo efficacy of a complete PROTAC, such as the PD-1/PD-L1 degrader-1, is evaluated in animal models.
|
| Enzyme Assay |
N/A; this compound is not assessed in enzyme/receptor binding assays. As a synthetic intermediate, its quality is confirmed by analytical methods such as HPLC and NMR, with a standard purity of ≥95%. Its structure is verified by mass spectrometry.
|
| Cell Assay |
N/A; this linker is not tested alone in cell-based assays. It is used as a building block for constructing PROTACs. In a typical synthesis, the methyl ester is first hydrolyzed to a carboxylic acid using a base like lithium hydroxide (LiOH), followed by amide coupling to a target ligand using EDC and NHS.
|
| Animal Protocol |
N/A; no animal studies are performed with the linker alone. For a complete PROTAC conjugate, in vivo studies are conducted to evaluate its pharmacokinetic properties and efficacy. The compound is typically formulated using a vehicle containing DMSO, PEG300, Tween-80, and saline and administered via IP or IV injection.
|
| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
This compound has a molecular weight of 181.03, a molecular formula of C5H9BrO2, and is typically stored as a solid powder at -20degC for up to 3 years or in a solvent at -80degC for 6 months. It is soluble in DMSO. The methyl ester can be stored under inert conditions to prevent hydrolysis.
|
| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
This product is for research use only and is not for human therapeutic or clinical applications. Standard chemical safety precautions should be observed during handling. It is a flammable liquid and should be kept away from heat and open flames.
|
| References |
[1]. Binbin Cheng, et al. Discovery of novel resorcinol diphenyl ether-based PROTAC-like molecules as dual inhibitors and degraders of PD-L1. Eur J Med Chem. 2020;199:112377.
|
| Additional Infomation |
This short, three-carbon alkyl linker is a simple but useful building block for PROTACs and other bifunctional molecules. It is particularly valuable for constructing small, conformationally constrained molecules where a longer or more flexible PEG spacer might be undesirable. The PROTAC PD-1/PD-L1 degrader-1, which utilizes this linker, is a research tool for studying the immune checkpoint pathway.
|
| Molecular Formula |
C5H9BRO2
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
181.03
|
| Exact Mass |
179.978
|
| CAS # |
4897-84-1
|
| PubChem CID |
107604
|
| Appearance |
Colorless to light yellow liquid（Density：1.434 g/cm3）
|
| Density |
1.4±0.1 g/cm3
|
| Boiling Point |
186.5±0.0 °C at 760 mmHg
|
| Flash Point |
87.0±13.0 °C
|
| Vapour Pressure |
0.7±0.3 mmHg at 25°C
|
| Index of Refraction |
1.456
|
| LogP |
1.47
|
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
0
|
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
2
|
| Rotatable Bond Count |
4
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
8
|
| Complexity |
72.8
|
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
|
| SMILES |
COC(=O)CCCBr
|
| InChi Key |
QAWFLJGZSZIZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N
|
| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C5H9BrO2/c1-8-5(7)3-2-4-6/h2-4H2,1H3
|
| Chemical Name |
methyl 4-bromobutanoate
|
| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
|
| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
|
| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
|
|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 5.5239 mL | 27.6197 mL | 55.2395 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.1048 mL | 5.5239 mL | 11.0479 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.5524 mL | 2.7620 mL | 5.5239 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
Products are for research use only; We do not sell to patients
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