| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
L-Tyrosine is a precursor for the synthesis of neurotransmitters (dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine), thyroid hormones (thyroxine), and melanin. It targets enzymes such as tyrosine hydroxylase (rate-limiting step in catecholamine synthesis) and tyrosinase (melanin production).
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|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
The labeled compound has no in vitro pharmacological activity; it is a tracer. Unlabeled L-tyrosine (0.1-1 mM) is used in cell culture as a nutrient. In neuronal cells, tyrosine supplementation increases dopamine synthesis. In melanocytes, it is the substrate for melanin production.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, L-tyrosine is a normal dietary amino acid. Tyrosine supplementation (100-500 mg/kg) has been shown to improve cognitive function under stress in animal models and humans. The labeled compound is used as a tracer to study tyrosine kinetics and conversion to catecholamines.
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| Enzyme Assay |
A non-cell assay uses L-Tyrosine-13C6 as an internal standard for LC-MS/MS. A fixed amount (e.g., 10 uM) is spiked into standards and samples. For enzyme assays, purified tyrosine hydroxylase is incubated with the labeled compound, and the production of 13C6-labeled L-DOPA is measured by LC-MS.
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| Cell Assay |
For cell studies, L-Tyrosine-13C6 is added to culture medium of PC12 cells (pheochromocytoma) or melanocytes at 0.1-1 mM. After 1-24 hours, cells are lysed, and 13C enrichment in tyrosine, L-DOPA, dopamine, and melanin precursors is analyzed by LC-MS or GC-MS.
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| Animal Protocol |
In animal studies, L-Tyrosine-13C6 is administered to rodents by intravenous tracer infusion (e.g., 10-20 mg/kg bolus) or oral gavage. Blood, brain, and adrenal tissue are collected to measure 13C enrichment in tyrosine and its metabolites (dopamine, norepinephrine) by GC-MS.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
L-Tyrosine is rapidly absorbed from the gut (oral bioavailability ~50-70%) and has a plasma half-life of 1-2 hours. It is transported across the blood-brain barrier by the large neutral amino acid transporter (LAT1). The 13C label does not alter ADME.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
L-Tyrosine is generally recognized as safe (GRAS). At tracer doses (mg/kg), the labeled analog is non-toxic. High doses (≥500 mg/kg) may cause gastrointestinal distress. In animal studies, no significant toxicity is reported. Standard laboratory safety precautions apply.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
L-Tyrosine-13C6 is a (13)C modified compound.
L-Tyrosine-13C6 is a research tool for metabolic flux analysis of catecholamine and melanin synthesis. It is also used as an internal standard for LC-MS/MS quantification of tyrosine in biological samples. Not an approved drug. Store at -20degC. |
| Molecular Formula |
C313C6H11NO3
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
187.14
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| Exact Mass |
187.094
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| CAS # |
201595-63-3
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| Related CAS # |
L-Tyrosine;60-18-4
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| PubChem CID |
12144755
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Melting Point |
>300ºC (dec.)(lit.)
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| LogP |
1.046
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
3
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
4
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
3
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| Heavy Atom Count |
13
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| Complexity |
176
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
1
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| SMILES |
[13CH]1=[13CH][13C](=[13CH][13CH]=[13C]1C[C@@H](C(=O)O)N)O
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| InChi Key |
OUYCCCASQSFEME-HXCZJXEJSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C9H11NO3/c10-8(9(12)13)5-6-1-3-7(11)4-2-6/h1-4,8,11H,5,10H2,(H,12,13)/t8-/m0/s1/i1+1,2+1,3+1,4+1,6+1,7+1
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| Chemical Name |
(2S)-2-amino-3-(4-hydroxy(1,2,3,4,5,6-13C6)cyclohexa-1,3,5-trien-1-yl)propanoic acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 5.3436 mL | 26.7180 mL | 53.4359 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.0687 mL | 5.3436 mL | 10.6872 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.5344 mL | 2.6718 mL | 5.3436 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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