![[Glp1]-FGL peptide acetate](/upload/1124/V77342.png)
| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 1mg |
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| 5mg |
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| 10mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) and fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1). The FGL peptide derived from NCAM acts as a FGF mimetic, binding to and activating FGFR1. This interaction triggers downstream signaling cascades such as the MAPK/ERK and PI3K/AKT pathways, which are critical for neuronal survival, differentiation, and synaptic plasticity. It is used as a research tool to study neurogenesis and neuroprotection.
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro, [Glp1]-FGL peptide acetate promotes neurite outgrowth and neuroprotection in primary neuronal cultures and neuronal cell lines (e.g., PC12 cells). By activating FGFR1, it stimulates cell signaling pathways that enhance cell survival, axonal growth, and neural differentiation. It is used as a research tool to study the molecular mechanisms underlying neurogenesis and to evaluate potential therapeutic strategies for neurodegenerative diseases.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, [Glp1]-FGL peptide acetate promotes functional recovery and reduces neuronal loss in animal models of spinal cord injury, stroke, and Parkinson's disease. By mimicking the effects of NCAM-mediated activation of FGFR1, the peptide facilitates axonal regeneration and synapse formation, leading to improved behavioral outcomes. This makes it a valuable tool for investigating the therapeutic potential of NCAM-derived peptides in CNS injury and neurodegeneration.
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| Enzyme Assay |
A non-cell binding assay for FGFR1 activation is performed using surface plasmon resonance (SPR). Recombinant human FGFR1 (IgIIIc) protein is immobilized on a sensor chip. Varying concentrations of [Glp1]-FGL peptide acetate (0.1-1000 nM) are flowed over the chip to measure the association (kon) and dissociation (koff) rates, allowing for the calculation of the binding affinity (Kd). This confirms the direct interaction between the peptide and the receptor.
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| Cell Assay |
Cells (e.g., primary hippocampal neurons or PC12 cells) are seeded on poly-D-lysine-coated plates. For neurite outgrowth assays, cells are treated with varying concentrations of [Glp1]-FGL peptide acetate (0.1-10 uM) for 24-72 hours. Cells are then fixed and immunostained with anti-beta-tubulin III antibody to visualize neurites. The number and length of neurites per cell are quantified using automated microscopy imaging software. To confirm signaling, cell lysates are analyzed by Western blot for phosphorylated ERK1/2 and AKT.
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| Animal Protocol |
The neuroprotective effects of [Glp1]-FGL peptide acetate are tested in a rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) for stroke research. Rats are subjected to transient MCAO (60-90 minutes) followed by reperfusion. The peptide is administered intravenously (IV) or intrathecally (IT) at a dose of 10-50 ug/kg, starting 30 minutes after the onset of reperfusion and repeated daily for 5-14 days. Neurological deficit scores (e.g., modified Bederson scale) and infarct volume (measured by TTC staining) are assessed post-treatment. Rotarod tests are performed to evaluate motor recovery.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
The peptide is soluble in water (H2O) at 10 mg/mL (5.91 mM, with ultrasonic assistance). As a peptide, it has a short plasma half-life (typically 15-30 minutes) due to rapid renal clearance and proteolytic degradation. For in vivo studies, it is formulated in sterile saline or PBS and administered via intraperitoneal (IP) or intravenous (IV) injection. The peptide is typically administered repeatedly (daily) over days to weeks to observe therapeutic effects. Storage: lyophilized powder at -20degC; avoid freeze-thaw cycles.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicity data for [Glp1]-FGL peptide acetate is not publicly available. As a peptide derived from an endogenous NCAM, the risk of acute toxicity is considered low. In animal models of spinal cord injury and stroke, it is generally well-tolerated at the doses used (e.g., 10-50 ug/kg). No significant weight loss, organ toxicity, or adverse behavioral effects have been reported. However, no formal toxicology studies have been published.
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| References |
[1]. Hao Z, et al. Supramolecular Peptide Nanofiber Hydrogels for Bone Tissue Engineering: From Multihierarchical Fabrications to Comprehensive Applications. Adv Sci (Weinh). 2022 Apr;9(11):e2103820.
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| Additional Infomation |
[Glp1]-FGL peptide acetate is a research-grade chemical tool for studying neurogenesis and neural repair. It was first described as a NCAM-derived motif that binds to FGFR1 and promotes neurite outgrowth. This product is for research use only (RUO) and is not a clinical drug; it has no FDA approval. It is used to investigate the mechanisms of axonal regeneration, neural stem cell differentiation, and synaptic plasticity. The acetate salt form is for research applications.
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| Molecular Formula |
C71H114N20O24
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| Molecular Weight |
1691.83
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment (e.g. under nitrogen), avoid exposure to moisture and light. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
H2O :~10 mg/mL (~5.91 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 0.5911 mL | 2.9554 mL | 5.9108 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.1182 mL | 0.5911 mL | 1.1822 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.0591 mL | 0.2955 mL | 0.5911 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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