| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 1mg |
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| 5mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
The peptide sequence DRVYIHP (Asp-Arg-Val-Tyr-Ile-His-Pro) targets the active site of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). DRVYIHP is a known peptide inhibitor of ACE, and it also binds to the angiotensin II AT1 receptor. The fluorescent TAMRA label enables visualization of the peptide's interaction with its targets.
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| ln Vitro |
The fluorescent label allows for the visualization and quantification of the peptide's interaction with its biological targets in vitro. In binding studies, the fluorescence can be used to measure the affinity of the peptide for ACE or AT1 receptors. In cell-based assays, the fluorescence can be used to track the localization and internalization of the peptide, as it can bind to its targets on the cell surface. The fluorescent properties of TAMRA are used to investigate binding affinities and receptor-ligand interactions.
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| ln Vivo |
The labeled peptide can be used in vivo to image tissues expressing its targets. For example, it could be used to visualize ACE expression in the lungs or kidneys in animal models of hypertension or cardiovascular disease. The fluorescence can be detected using in vivo imaging systems (IVIS) to track biodistribution and target engagement, though the primary use is likely ex vivo.
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| Enzyme Assay |
A non-cell binding assay is performed to determine the affinity of the peptide for ACE or AT1 receptors. For ACE, the assay can be performed in 96-well plates using recombinant ACE enzyme. Varying concentrations of the fluorescent peptide (1-1000 nM) are added, and after incubation, the fluorescence polarization (FP) can be measured to determine binding. For the AT1 receptor, membranes from cells expressing the receptor are incubated with the labeled peptide, and bound ligand is separated by filtration. The fluorescence on the filter is measured using a plate reader.
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| Cell Assay |
Cellular uptake and binding can be studied using flow cytometry. Cells expressing the target protein (e.g., angiotensin II AT1 receptor) are incubated with varying concentrations of 5-Tamra-DRVYIHP (0.1-10 uM) for 30-60 minutes at 4degC (to allow binding without internalization). The cells are then washed and analyzed by flow cytometry. The increase in fluorescence (FL-2 channel) indicates binding of the peptide to the cell surface. Competition experiments can be performed by adding an excess of unlabeled DRVYIHP peptide to confirm specific binding.
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| Animal Protocol |
In animal models, the fluorescent peptide can be administered intravenously to mice (e.g., 1-10 mg/kg). After 1-4 hours, the mice can be euthanized, and major organs (e.g., heart, lung, kidney, liver, brain) are harvested. Tissue sections can be examined by fluorescence microscopy to evaluate organ distribution and target engagement. Alternatively, organs can be homogenized, and the fluorescence intensity can be measured with a plate reader. This helps study the role of ACE or AT1 receptors in different tissues.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
The TAMRA dye has an absorption maximum around 545 nm and an emission maximum around 571 nm (orange-red). It is soluble in DMSO and organic solvents but has limited solubility in water. For biological applications, it is often dissolved in DMSO and then diluted in PBS or saline. The peptide should be stored as a lyophilized powder at -20degC or -80degC, protected from light. The TFA salt form improves solubility.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
The TAMRA dye is considered non-toxic at the concentrations used for labeling (uM range). The peptide DRVYIHP is an angiotensin II fragment and may cause a drop in blood pressure if administered at high doses in vivo. The compound is a research reagent and is not intended for human therapeutic use. The TFA salt is non-toxic at standard concentrations.
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| Additional Infomation |
5-Tamra-DRVYIHP is a research-grade fluorescent probe used for studying the renin-angiotensin system. It is not a drug and has no FDA approval for therapeutic use. It is a tool for visualizing and quantifying interactions with ACE and angiotensin receptors. This product is for research use only (RUO).
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| Molecular Formula |
C66H84N14O15
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| Molecular Weight |
1313.46
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
H2O :~10 mg/mL (~7.61 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 0.7613 mL | 3.8067 mL | 7.6135 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.1523 mL | 0.7613 mL | 1.5227 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.0761 mL | 0.3807 mL | 0.7613 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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