| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 1mg |
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| 5mg |
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| 10mg | |||
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| Targets |
L-Isoleucine is a branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) that acts as a signaling molecule, activating the mTOR (mechanistic target of rapamycin) pathway, which regulates protein synthesis and cell growth. The labeled version serves as a tracer for these studies.
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| ln Vitro |
Drug compounds have included stable heavy isotopes of carbon, hydrogen, and other elements, mostly as tracers for quantification throughout the drug development process. Due to its potential to alter the pharmacokinetic and metabolic characteristics of medications, deuteration has drawn attention[1].
L-Isoleucine-15N,d10 is a stable isotope-labeled version of the essential amino acid L-isoleucine. The labeled form is used as a metabolic tracer, not for its own biological activity. It is used to trace the metabolic fate of isoleucine. |
| ln Vivo |
Stable isotope-labeled L-Isoleucine is used as a tracer to study protein synthesis, amino acid metabolism, and the role of BCAAs in metabolic diseases such as diabetes, obesity, and cancer.
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| Enzyme Assay |
Non-cell assays for L-Isoleucine-15N,d10 are not based on binding but on enzymatic activity. The compound can be used as a substrate in assays with purified enzymes that utilize L-isoleucine (e.g., branched-chain amino acid transaminase, BCAT). The reaction can be monitored by LC-MS/MS by following the mass shift. The labeled compound is also used as an internal standard in mass spectrometry. For this purpose, a known amount of the labeled compound is added to a standard solution of the unlabeled analyte to construct a calibration curve.
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| Cell Assay |
For cell-based metabolic studies, cells are cultured in medium containing L-Isoleucine-15N,d10 (typically at the physiological concentration of isoleucine, e.g., 50-400 uM) for 1-72 hours. Cells are harvested, and proteins are precipitated. The free amino acid pool is extracted. The incorporation of labeled isoleucine into newly synthesized proteins is measured after protein hydrolysis, derivatization, and LC-MS/MS or GC-MS analysis. The fractional synthesis rate (FSR) of proteins is calculated.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies with L-Isoleucine-15N,d10 are performed to measure whole-body protein turnover and BCAA metabolism. Adult rodents are administered the compound via intravenous (IV) injection (a bolus of 10-50 mg/kg) or by constant infusion. Blood samples are collected at multiple time points. At the end of the experiment, animals are euthanized, and tissues (liver, muscle, brain, heart) are harvested. The enrichment of L-Isoleucine-15N,d10 in plasma, tissue free pools, and tissue protein-bound pools is measured. The data are used to calculate fractional synthesis rates (FSR) of proteins in each tissue. This compound is also used to study metabolic flux in diabetes and cancer models.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
L-Isoleucine-15N,d10 (MW ~142.23) is a stable isotope-labeled essential amino acid. Its pharmacokinetics are not determined separately from the unlabeled compound. L-Isoleucine is absorbed from the gut via the sodium-dependent neutral amino acid transporter (B⁰AT1). The elimination half-life in plasma is typically 30-60 minutes. It is primarily metabolized in the muscle and liver by the branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) transaminase (BCAT) and the branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase (BCKDH) complex. The ¹⁵N and d10 labels are stable.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
As a stable isotope-labeled amino acid, L-Isoleucine-15N,d10 is considered safe and non-toxic at the low tracer doses used in research (mg/kg levels). L-Isoleucine itself has an LD50 of >5000 mg/kg in rats.
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| References |
[1]. Russak EM, et al. Impact of Deuterium Substitution on the Pharmacokinetics of Pharmaceuticals. Ann Pharmacother. 2019;53(2):211-216.
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| Additional Infomation |
L-Isoleucine-15N,d10 is a stable isotope-labeled essential amino acid used as a tracer in metabolic research, including studies of protein synthesis, amino acid metabolism, and diabetes. It is for research use only.
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| Molecular Formula |
C6H3D1015NO2
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| Related CAS # |
L-Isoleucine;73-32-5
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| Appearance |
Typically exists as solid at room temperature
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
H2O :~25 mg/mL (~175.77 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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