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| Targets |
The primary biological target of this peptide is the Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin Receptor (TSLPR). The full-length TSLP cytokine binds to a heterodimeric receptor complex composed of the TSLP receptor (TSLPR) chain and the interleukin-7 receptor alpha (IL-7Ralpha) chain. This peptide is a fragment of the TSLP ligand, specifically derived from its N-terminal region. It may function as an antagonist or a partial agonist by binding to the TSLP receptor, thereby blocking the interaction with the full-length active TSLP cytokine. Blocking this interaction would inhibit the downstream activation of STAT5 and JAK signaling pathways, which are central to the development of Th2-mediated allergic inflammation. It serves as a tool to explore the molecular mechanism of TSLP binding and activation.
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| ln Vitro |
No specific in vitro activity data for this exact peptide was found in the search results. However, because it is a fragment of the TSLP protein, its activity is likely related to its ability to interact with the TSLP receptor. For structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies, researchers would use this peptide in binding assays to determine its affinity (Kd) for the TSLP receptor complex compared to the full-length cytokine. As a fragment, its binding affinity is likely lower than that of the parent molecule (full-length TSLP, which has a Kd in the low nM range). It is not expected to have significant direct cytotoxic or immunomodulatory activity on its own, but rather serves as a competitive binder.
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| ln Vivo |
No specific in vivo data is available for this peptide. The in vivo role of TSLP is well-understood. In animal models of allergic asthma (e.g., ovalbumin (OVA) or house dust mite (HDM) challenged mice), administration of TSLP neutralizing antibodies reduces airway hyperresponsiveness, eosinophilia, and Th2 cytokine levels. Conversely, overexpression of TSLP in the lungs induces asthma-like symptoms. This peptide could potentially be used in vivo as a decoy receptor antagonist by binding to the TSLP receptor and blocking the activity of endogenous TSLP. Its in vivo efficacy and half-life would need to be determined, but as a small peptide (20 aa), it would likely have a short plasma half-life and require continuous infusion or repeated dosing. It is a research tool, not a drug.
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| Enzyme Assay |
A cell-free binding assay can be performed using Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR). The TSLP receptor complex (TSLPR/IL-7Ralpha heterodimer) is immobilized on a sensor chip. The NH2-KLGADTDGEQDQHMTYGGQ-COOH peptide is dissolved in running buffer (e.g., PBS with 0.005% Tween-20, pH 7.4). Serial dilutions of the peptide (0.1-1000 uM) are injected over the surface at a constant flow rate. Association and dissociation phases are monitored. The resulting sensorgrams are fit to a 1:1 binding model to determine the kinetic parameters (ka, kd) and the equilibrium dissociation constant (KD). This peptide could be used in competition SPR experiments, where it is injected simultaneously with full-length TSLP to determine if it competes for the same binding site on the receptor.
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| Cell Assay |
A cell-based functional assay using TSLP-responsive cell lines can be performed. One standard assay uses a Ba/F3 cell line that has been stably transfected with the human TSLP receptor complex (TSLPR and IL-7Ralpha). Cells are maintained in media containing IL-3. Prior to the assay, cells are washed three times to remove IL-3 and then starved for 4 hours. 1×10⁵ cells per well are seeded in a 96-well plate. Cells are then stimulated with full-length recombinant human TSLP (10 ng/mL) in the presence or absence of varying concentrations of the test peptide (0.01-100 uM). After 20 minutes of stimulation at 37degC, the reaction is terminated by adding ice-cold PBS and centrifuging. The cell pellet is lysed, and the level of STAT5 phosphorylation (pSTAT5) is measured using a phospho-STAT5 ELISA kit. A reduction in pSTAT5 signal in the presence of the peptide indicates that the peptide is acting as an antagonist, blocking the TSLP-mediated activation. In the absence of TSLP, the peptide alone should not induce pSTAT5.
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| Animal Protocol |
A common in vivo model for studying TSLP function is the ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic airway inflammation model in BALB/c mice (female, 6-8 weeks). Mice are sensitized by intraperitoneal (IP) injection of 10 ug OVA in aluminum hydroxide adjuvant on days 0 and 7. From days 14 to 20, mice are challenged daily for 30 minutes with an aerosol of 1% OVA in PBS. Treatment with the TSLP peptide (or a control peptide) is administered intranasally (e.g., 50 microg in 50 microL saline) 1 hour before each OVA challenge. On day 21, mice are euthanized, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) is collected by cannulating the trachea and flushing the lungs with 1 mL of PBS. The BALF is analyzed for total cell count, and differential cell counts (eosinophils, neutrophils, lymphocytes) are performed on cytospin slides stained with Diff-Quik. Levels of Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, IL-13) in the BALF are measured by ELISA. Lung tissue is collected for histology (H&E and PAS staining) to assess airway inflammation and mucus production. This model allows for the evaluation of the peptide‘s ability to block TSLP-driven allergic inflammation.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
This peptide is supplied as a TFA salt, has a molecular weight of 2051.11 g/mol, and a purity typically >96%. The lyophilized powder should be stored at -20degC, protected from moisture, where it is stable for up to 3 years. For solution storage, it is recommended to store at -80degC for up to 6 months and at -20degC for up to 1 month. It is soluble in water (25 mg/mL, 12.19 mM) and sonication is recommended to facilitate dissolution. Its high molecular weight and peptide nature mean it will be subject to proteolytic degradation in serum and rapid renal clearance. The TFA salt form is used to improve the physicochemical properties for research.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
This product is for research use only and is not for human therapeutic use. No specific toxicity data is available for this peptide. The trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) counterion present in the salt form can be cytotoxic to cells if present in high concentrations (typically >0.1%), but this is generally not an issue at standard working concentrations for peptide assays. Standard laboratory safety practices, including the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves and safety glasses, should be followed when handling the compound. In animal studies, similar peptides have shown minimal toxicity at research doses, but this may vary depending on the biological activity.
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| Additional Infomation |
This peptide is a fragment of the full-length human TSLP protein, which consists of 159 amino acids. TSLP acts through a heterodimeric receptor complex to initiate type 2 immune responses via the JAK/STAT5 pathway. This peptide (residues 37-55) is located in the predicted receptor-binding domain of TSLP. It is used as a research tool for epitope mapping, structure-function analysis, and for the development of peptide-based inhibitors or vaccines for allergic diseases. It is not a drug and is not FDA-approved. The compound is also supplied in a reversed sequence form (NH2-QGGYTMHQDQEGDTDAGLK-COOH) by some vendors, which is essentially the same sequence but written from the C-terminus to the N-terminus (making it reverse of the given product).
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| Molecular Formula |
C83H127N25O34S
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| Molecular Weight |
2051.11
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 0.4875 mL | 2.4377 mL | 4.8754 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.0975 mL | 0.4875 mL | 0.9751 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.0488 mL | 0.2438 mL | 0.4875 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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