| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 1mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
SAH-d4 is an internal standard and does not interact with biological targets in a typical drug-like manner. However, its unlabeled counterpart, SAH, is a metabolite that acts as a potent product inhibitor of S-adenosylmethionine (SAM)-dependent methyltransferases. As the byproduct of methylation reactions involving DNA, RNA, histones, and other proteins, SAH plays a crucial role in regulating epigenetic modifications and cellular methylation capacity.
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| ln Vitro |
Drug compounds have included stable heavy isotopes of carbon, hydrogen, and other elements, mostly as tracers for quantification throughout the drug development process. Due to its potential to alter the pharmacokinetic and metabolic characteristics of medications, deuteration has drawn attention[1].
SAH-d4 is not biologically active itself and is not used to study in vitro activity. It is used as an internal standard for the quantification of SAH levels in biological samples. SAH is an amino acid derivative and a by-product of methylation reactions. Elevated SAH levels are considered a risk factor for many diseases, including cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. It is also a metabolite in the cysteine biosynthesis pathway. |
| ln Vivo |
SAH-d4 is used as an internal standard for PK studies to quantify SAH. It is not administered for therapeutic purposes. By accurately measuring SAH levels, researchers can assess the global methylation status or activity of methyltransferases in vivo. This is particularly important for studying diseases like cancer and Alzheimer's, where epigenetic dysregulation is a key feature. The natural SAH plays a role in the methionine cycle.
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| Enzyme Assay |
SAH-d4 is not used in a cell-free binding assay. As an internal standard, it is used for the quantification of SAH by LC-MS/MS. A fixed concentration (e.g., 10-50 ng/mL) of SAH-d4 is added to a biological sample (e.g., plasma, cell lysate, or tissue homogenate). Samples are extracted (e.g., by protein precipitation with acetonitrile) to remove proteins. The extracted sample is then injected onto an LC-MS/MS system. SAH and SAH-d4 are detected in positive ion mode using specific MRM transitions. The peak area ratio of SAH to SAH-d4 is used to calculate the absolute concentration of SAH in the sample.
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| Cell Assay |
SAH-d4 is used to measure SAH levels in cell-based studies. Cells (e.g., HEK293, HeLa, or primary neurons) are seeded and treated with experimental agents (e.g., drugs that affect methylation, such as 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine). After 24-72 hours, cells are harvested and lysed. SAH-d4 is added to the lysate as an internal standard. The lysates are deproteinized and analyzed by LC-MS/MS. The measured SAH concentration can be used as a proxy for cellular methylation activity or SAM utilization. This protocol is used to study the effects of drugs on the methionine cycle.
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| Animal Protocol |
SAM and SAH levels can be measured in animal tissues to assess global methylation status. Male C57BL/6 mice are treated with a test compound (e.g., a methyltransferase inhibitor) or placebo for 1-4 weeks. Tissues (e.g., liver, brain) are collected and rapidly frozen. Tissue samples are homogenized, and SAH-d4 is added as an internal standard. The homogenate is deproteinized, and the SAH concentration is measured by LC-MS/MS. An increased SAH/SAM ratio indicates inhibition of methyltransferase activity or a reduced methylation capacity.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
SAH-d4 has a molecular weight of 388.44 and a molecular formula of C14H16D4N6O5S. The product is a solid and should be stored at -20degC for up to 3 years, sealed, and protected from moisture. In solvent, it is stable for 6 months at -80degC or 1 month at -20degC. Specific pharmacokinetic data for the labeled compound are not applicable. It is soluble in DMSO and water.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Unlabeled SAH is an endogenous metabolite and is considered to have low toxicity at physiological concentrations. However, elevated levels are associated with disease. The deuterated version is used in trace amounts as an analytical standard and does not pose additional safety risks beyond standard chemical handling. Standard laboratory safety precautions should be followed. Avoid inhalation and skin contact.
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| References |
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| Additional Infomation |
SAH-d4 is a research-grade stable isotope-labeled compound and is not approved for clinical use. It is used as an internal standard for the quantification of SAH (S-Adenosylhomocysteine), an important intermediate in one-carbon metabolism and a marker of methylation status. It is a valuable tool for research in epigenetics, cancer metabolism, and neurodegenerative diseases. This product is for research use only and not for human therapeutic applications.
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| Molecular Formula |
C14H16D4N6O5S
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
388.44
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| Related CAS # |
SAH;979-92-0
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| Appearance |
Solid powder
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.5744 mL | 12.8720 mL | 25.7440 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.5149 mL | 2.5744 mL | 5.1488 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2574 mL | 1.2872 mL | 2.5744 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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