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| 1mg |
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| 5mg |
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| 10mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Sarcosine-15N targets the same biological systems as its unlabeled counterpart. Sarcosine is an endogenous amino acid that acts as a competitive inhibitor of the glycine transporter type 1 (GlyT1) and a co-agonist of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor. It enhances NMDA receptor function by increasing glycine concentrations. The 15N label itself does not alter these activities but serves as a tracer for analytical purposes.
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| ln Vitro |
Drug compounds have included stable heavy isotopes of carbon, hydrogen, and other elements, mostly as tracers for quantification throughout the drug development process. Due to its potential to alter the pharmacokinetic and metabolic characteristics of medications, deuteration has drawn attention[1].
The primary in vitro activity of sarcosine is its function as a competitive GlyT1 inhibitor and an NMDA receptor co-agonist. It is involved in cellular metabolism as an intermediate in choline and methionine metabolism pathways. Sarcosine-15N is an important tracer for studying these pathways using mass spectrometry. By incorporating this labeled compound into cells or biological samples, researchers can track and quantify its metabolic fate in real-time. |
| ln Vivo |
In vivo, sarcosine is a naturally occurring metabolite. Elevated levels of sarcosine have been studied as a potential biomarker for prostate cancer. Sarcosine-15N can be used in animal studies to trace the metabolic flux through the methionine and choline cycles. Researchers may administer the labeled compound orally or intravenously to mice or rats, followed by LC-MS/MS analysis of tissue and plasma to map the distribution and conversion of sarcosine to other metabolites.
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| Enzyme Assay |
Sarcosine-15N is not used in a typical cell-free binding assay. As an internal standard, it is utilized for the quantification of sarcosine by LC-MS/MS. A fixed concentration of the 15N-labeled internal standard is added to a biological sample (e.g., plasma, urine, or tissue homogenate). The sample is extracted (e.g., by protein precipitation or liquid-liquid extraction) and analyzed by LC-MS/MS. Sarcosine is detected using specific MRM transitions. The internal standard, which has a mass shift due to the 15N atom, corrects for any variability in sample preparation and instrument performance.
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| Cell Assay |
For cell-based studies, cells are cultured in standard medium and then incubated with sarcosine-15N (e.g., 10-100 uM) for defined time points (e.g., 0.5-24 h). After incubation, the cells are harvested, washed, and lysed. The lysates are processed for LC-MS/MS analysis. The incorporation of the 15N label into downstream metabolites (e.g., methionine, homocysteine) is measured to map the activity of one-carbon metabolism pathways. This protocol can be used to assess the effect of drugs or gene perturbations on these pathways.
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| Animal Protocol |
Sarcosine-15N can be used as an internal standard in pharmacokinetic studies. A typical animal protocol: Male Sprague-Dawley rats (200-250 g) are administered a single oral dose of unlabeled sarcosine (10-50 mg/kg). Blood samples are collected at multiple time points (0-24 h). Sarcosine-15N is added to the plasma samples as a fixed-concentration internal standard. The samples are then deproteinized and analyzed by LC-MS/MS. The concentration of sarcosine in the samples is determined from the sarcosine/sarcosine-15N peak area ratio.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Sarcosine-15N has a molecular weight of 90.09 g/mol and a molecular formula of C3H7¹⁵NO2. It should be stored as a powder at -20degC for up to 3 years, in a sealed container protected from moisture and light. In solution, it is stable for 6 months at -80degC or 1 month at -20degC. The compound is typically soluble in DMSO. Detailed pharmacokinetic data are not available for the labeled version.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Sarcosine is an endogenous amino acid and is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) at physiological concentrations. The 15N-labeled version is used in trace amounts as an internal standard and does not pose additional toxicity risks. However, high concentrations of sarcosine have been linked to cellular stress. Standard safety precautions for handling chemicals, such as wearing gloves and working in a well-ventilated area, should be followed.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Sarcosine-15N (N-Methylglycine-15N) is a research-grade stable isotope-labeled compound. It is primarily used as an internal standard for the quantification of sarcosine in human plasma and urine by LC-MS/MS for biomarker research. Unlabeled sarcosine is an endogenous metabolite and a research tool for studying GlyT1 inhibition and NMDA receptor function in schizophrenia and cancer. This product is for research use only and not for human therapeutic applications.
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| Molecular Formula |
C3H715NO2
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| Related CAS # |
Sarcosine;107-97-1
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| Appearance |
Typically exists as solid at room temperature
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: (1). This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage. (2). Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment (e.g. under nitrogen), avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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