| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 1mL |
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| 5mL |
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| 10mL |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
(R)-(-)-α-Phellandrene exhibits antibacterial and anticandidal activity. It is an orally active cyclic monoterpene that attenuates inflammatory response and induces DNA damage. The compound's activity is related to its effects on cellular signaling pathways.
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| ln Vitro |
(R)-(-)-α-Phellandrene exhibits minimal inhibitory effects on bacteria, such as MRSA, A. tumefaciens, and E. carotovora subsp. Carotovora (MIC: 2 mg/mL)[1].
In vitro, (R)-(-)-α-Phellandrene shows weak inhibitory activities against bacteria including MRSA, A. tumefaciens, and E. carotovora subsp. carotovora with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 2 mg/mL. These activities demonstrate its potential as an antimicrobial agent. |
| ln Vivo |
In vivo, (R)-(-)-α-Phellandrene is an orally active compound that attenuates inflammatory response. This suggests that the compound is bioavailable when administered orally and can modulate inflammatory pathways in living organisms.
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| Enzyme Assay |
For non-cellular in vitro assays, (R)-(-)-α-Phellandrene is evaluated for its antimicrobial activity against bacterial and fungal strains using standard methods such as broth microdilution or agar diffusion to determine MIC values. The compound may also be tested for its effects on DNA damage using cell-free assays.
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| Cell Assay |
For in vitro cellular assays, (R)-(-)-α-Phellandrene is tested in cell cultures to assess its antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and DNA damage-inducing effects. Cells are treated with the compound, and markers of inflammation, cell viability, and DNA damage are measured.
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| Animal Protocol |
For in vivo animal studies, (R)-(-)-α-Phellandrene is administered orally to animal models to assess its anti-inflammatory effects. Efficacy is evaluated by measuring markers of inflammation, immune responses, and overall health outcomes.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
(R)-(-)-α-Phellandrene is an orally active compound, indicating favorable oral bioavailability. Its pharmacokinetic properties include absorption from the gastrointestinal tract and distribution to target tissues. As a monoterpene, it is likely metabolized in the liver and excreted via the kidneys.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicological data for (R)-(-)-α-Phellandrene are limited. As a naturally occurring monoterpene found in essential oils, it is generally considered to have low toxicity at moderate doses. However, high concentrations may cause irritation or other adverse effects.
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| References |
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| Additional Infomation |
(-)-α-phellandrene is the (R)-(-)- stereoisomer of α-phellandrene. It is the enantiomer of (+)-α-phellandrene. (R)-(-)-α-phellandrene has been reported in camellia, magnolia officinalis, and other organisms for which data are available. See also: Eucalyptus oil (partial).
(R)-(-)-α-Phellandrene is a naturally occurring monoterpene derivative with antibacterial and anticandidal activity. It is an orally active cyclic monoterpene that attenuates inflammatory response and induces DNA damage. The compound shows weak inhibitory activities against bacteria including MRSA, A. tumefaciens, and E. carotovora subsp. carotovora with an MIC of 2 mg/mL. |
| Molecular Formula |
C10H16
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|---|---|
| Exact Mass |
136.125
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| CAS # |
4221-98-1
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| PubChem CID |
442482
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| Appearance |
Colorless to light yellow liquid（Density：0.844 g/cm³）
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| Density |
0.844 g/mL at 20 °C(lit.)
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| Boiling Point |
171-174 °C(lit.)
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| Melting Point |
249.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
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| Flash Point |
49 °C
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| Index of Refraction |
n20/D 1.475
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| LogP |
3.164
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
0
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
0
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
1
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| Heavy Atom Count |
10
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| Complexity |
161
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
1
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| SMILES |
CC(C)[C@@H]1C=CC(=CC1)C
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| InChi Key |
OGLDWXZKYODSOB-SNVBAGLBSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C10H16/c1-8(2)10-6-4-9(3)5-7-10/h4-6,8,10H,7H2,1-3H3/t10-/m1/s1
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| Chemical Name |
(5R)-2-methyl-5-propan-2-ylcyclohexa-1,3-diene
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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