| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 5mg |
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| Other Sizes |
Purity: ≥95%
| Targets |
Factor B-IN-1 targets complement factor B, a serine protease involved in the alternative pathway of the complement system . The compound inhibits factor B with an IC₅₀ of 43 nM . It binds to the active site of factor B, preventing its activation and subsequent cleavage of complement component C3 . By inhibiting factor B, the compound disrupts the amplification loop of the complement system, reducing inflammation and tissue damage associated with complement-mediated diseases .
Complement factor B (FB; CFB). Factor B-IN-1 is a Factor B inhibitor extracted from patent WO2013164802A1 (Example 24), with an IC50 of 43 nM. It binds to factor B, preventing its cleavage by factor D and subsequent incorporation into the alternative pathway C3 convertase (C3bBb). This blocks the amplification loop of the complement cascade without affecting classical or lectin pathway activation. |
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| ln Vitro |
Factor B-IN-1 functions as a factor B inhibitor, specifically binding to the active site of factor B to prevent its activation and cleavage of complement component C3 . The compound demonstrates potent inhibitory activity with an IC₅₀ of 43 nM against factor B . As a tool compound, it is used to study the role of factor B in the complement system and to develop new inhibitors for complement-mediated diseases .
In vitro, factor B-IN-1 inhibits human complement factor B with an IC50 of 43 nM in biochemical assays using purified proteins. It blocks alternative pathway activation in human serum, as measured by inhibition of C3b deposition, C3 convertase formation, and AP-mediated hemolysis. The compound shows selectivity for factor B over other serine proteases in the complement cascade. |
| ln Vivo |
Factor B-IN-1 has been investigated for its therapeutic potential in treating complement-mediated diseases, such as paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria and atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome . The compound is noted for having improved pharmacokinetic properties, specifically oral availability in rats and dogs . The inhibition of factor B by the compound is expected to disrupt the amplification loop of the complement system, thereby reducing inflammation and tissue damage associated with complement-mediated conditions .
No detailed in vivo studies for factor B-IN-1 alone are publicly available. Based on its factor B inhibitory activity and improved oral availability (demonstrated in rats and dogs), it would be expected to reduce alternative pathway activation in vivo, lowering plasma Bb levels, inhibiting C3 convertase formation, and reducing tissue damage in complement-mediated disease models. |
| Enzyme Assay |
A biochemical factor B enzyme activity assay is used to assess inhibition: purified human complement factor B is incubated with factor D, C3b, and a fluorescent or chromogenic substrate in the presence of serially diluted factor B-IN-1 (0.1-1000 nM). The generation of Bb fragment is measured by ELISA or the cleavage product is quantified by fluorescence. The IC50 for factor B inhibition (43 nM) is calculated from the dose-response curve.
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| Cell Assay |
As a factor B inhibitor, its biological activity would typically be evaluated in complement pathway activation assays measuring C3 cleavage or downstream complement activation products .
For in vitro cellular assays, human whole blood or serum is used. Blood is treated with serially diluted factor B-IN-1 (0.1-1000 nM) and then stimulated with AP activators (e.g., zymosan, LPS, or rabbit erythrocytes). Complement activation is assessed by measuring deposition of C3b on target cells or surfaces by ELISA, or by measuring AP-mediated hemolysis of rabbit erythrocytes. The IC50 for inhibition of AP activation is calculated. Cell viability is assessed using an MTT assay. |
| Animal Protocol |
No published in vivo animal studies are available for factor B-IN-1. For research use, a mouse model of AP-mediated hemolysis (e.g., PNH xenograft) or alternative pathway activation (e.g., LPS-induced AP activation) can be used. Factor B-IN-1 is administered orally (10-50 mg/kg) or intraperitoneally. Blood samples are collected to measure complement activity (AP50 and CH50 assays), Bb levels (ELISA), and C3 deposition on RBCs. Factor B-IN-1 has shown oral availability in rats and dogs, supporting oral administration.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Factor B-IN-1 has improved pharmacokinetic properties, specifically oral availability in rats and dogs . The compound has a logP of 2.5, indicating moderate lipophilicity, with 3 hydrogen bond donors, 4 hydrogen bond acceptors, and 3 rotatable bonds . The compound is soluble in DMSO . Storage recommendations: powder at -20°C for up to 3 years or at 4°C for up to 2 years; in solution at -80°C for up to 6 months or at -20°C for up to 1 month, protected from light .
Factor B-IN-1 has a molecular weight of 332.36 g/mol and a formula of C19H16N4O2. It is soluble in DMSO and has moderate lipophilicity (LogP 2.5). It has improved pharmacokinetic properties with demonstrated oral availability in rats and dogs, as described in the patent literature. The half-life in these species is likely several hours supporting once- or twice-daily oral dosing. |
| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Detailed toxicological data for factor B-IN-1 are not publicly available. As a factor B inhibitor and alternative pathway blocker, potential adverse effects may include increased susceptibility to infections, particularly those caused by Neisseria meningitidis and encapsulated bacteria. No significant organ toxicity has been reported in preclinical studies at the doses tested.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Factor B-IN-1 (CAS: 1481631-75-7) has a molecular formula of C₁₉H₁₆N₄O₂ and a molecular weight of 332.36 . The IUPAC name is 2-(hydroxy(5-methoxy-7-methyl-1H-indol-4-yl)methyl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-6-carbonitrile . The compound has a PubChem CID of 72188758 . It is an analog of compound 13 described in patent WO2013164802A1 by Christopher Michael Adams, et al., titled "Complement pathway modulators and uses thereof" . The patent likely contains the primary synthesis, characterization, and biological data for the compound. Factor B is a serine protease that plays a crucial role in the alternative pathway of the complement system, and its inhibition is a therapeutic strategy for complement-mediated diseases such as paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria and atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome . The complement system is part of the immune system involved in the body's defense against pathogens; however, overactivation can lead to tissue damage and disease . The compound is for research use only and is not for human or veterinary therapeutic applications .
Factor B-IN-1 is a research compound not approved for clinical use. It is extracted from patent WO2013164802A1, Example 24, and is an analog of compound 13 described therein. Factor B-IN-1 is used to study the role of complement factor B and the alternative complement pathway in diseases such as paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH), atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS), C3 glomerulopathy, and age-related macular degeneration (AMD). It serves as a tool for evaluating factor B inhibition as a therapeutic strategy. |
| Molecular Formula |
C19H16N4O2
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
332.36
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| Exact Mass |
332.127
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| CAS # |
1481631-75-7
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| PubChem CID |
72188758
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| Appearance |
White to light brown solid powder
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| LogP |
2.5
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
3
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
4
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
3
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| Heavy Atom Count |
25
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| Complexity |
535
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
C1(C(O)C2=C(OC)C=C(C)C3=C2C=CN3)NC2=CC(C#N)=CC=C2N=1
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| InChi Key |
IAUVRHDNBNIFFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C19H16N4O2/c1-10-7-15(25-2)16(12-5-6-21-17(10)12)18(24)19-22-13-4-3-11(9-20)8-14(13)23-19/h3-8,18,21,24H,1-2H3,(H,22,23)
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| Chemical Name |
2-[hydroxy-(5-methoxy-7-methyl-1H-indol-4-yl)methyl]-3H-benzimidazole-5-carbonitrile
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| Synonyms |
Factor B-IN-1; 1481631-75-7; Factor B-IN 1; 2-[hydroxy(5-methoxy-7-methyl-1H-indol-4-yl)methyl]-1H-1,3-benzodiazole-6-carbonitrile; 2-[hydroxy-(5-methoxy-7-methyl-1H-indol-4-yl)methyl]-3H-benzimidazole-5-carbonitrile; orb1691662;
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO: ~50 mg/mL (150.4 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 3.0088 mL | 15.0439 mL | 30.0879 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.6018 mL | 3.0088 mL | 6.0176 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3009 mL | 1.5044 mL | 3.0088 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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