| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 50mg |
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| 100mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Not applicable; this is a stable isotope-labeled standard used for metabolic tracing. The natural L-valine targets the protein synthesis machinery (ribosomes) and various amino acid transporters. As an essential nutrient, it is incorporated into proteins and is a precursor for other metabolites. The ¹⁵N-labeled version serves as a tracer for quantitative analysis via mass spectrometry and NMR but does not have a distinct "drug target".
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| ln Vitro |
Drug compounds have included stable heavy isotopes of carbon, hydrogen, and other elements, mostly as quantitative tracers while the drugs were being developed. Because deuteration may have an effect on a drug's pharmacokinetics and metabolic properties, it is a cause for concern [1].
L-Valine-15N is not intended for direct biological activity testing. Its value lies in providing a distinct mass shift (M+1) for LC-MS or GC-MS analysis. It is used as an internal standard in cell lysates or culture media to accurately quantify natural L-valine. In cell culture, it can be added to the media to track nitrogen flux into other metabolites (e.g., glutathione, nucleotides) or to measure protein synthesis rates. |
| ln Vivo |
L-Valine-15N is administered to animal models (e.g., rodents) as a metabolic tracer. For example, it can be injected intraperitoneally, and blood or tissue samples are collected over time to measure the rate of protein synthesis or the conversion of valine to other metabolites (e.g., via branched-chain aminotransferase). The enrichment of ¹⁵N in various fractions (protein, free amino acids) is analyzed by mass spectrometry.
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| Enzyme Assay |
The primary application is as an internal standard for quantitative LC-MS/MS. Prepare a stock solution of L-Valine-15N in 0.1% formic acid in water (or 50% acetonitrile). Spike a known amount (e.g., 10-100 ng/mL) into biological samples (plasma, urine, tissue homogenates) after protein precipitation. Separate amino acids on a C18 or HILIC column and detect using multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) transitions (e.g., m/z 118→72 for labeled). Quantify by isotope dilution method.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cell experiments involve culturing cells in valine-free media supplemented with L-Valine-15N (e.g., 0.1-1 mM). Cells are incubated for 0-72 hours. At various time points, cells are harvested, washed, and lysed. The free amino acid pool or hydrolyzed protein is derivatized (e.g., with iTRAQ or dansyl chloride) and analyzed by LC-MS/MS. This allows measurement of valine uptake, protein synthesis rates, or metabolic flux.
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| Animal Protocol |
For in vivo protein synthesis studies: Administer L-Valine-15N (e.g., 50-200 mg/kg) to fasted animals via intraperitoneal injection or oral gavage. Collect blood, muscle, liver, or brain tissue at defined time points (e.g., 15, 30, 60, 120 min). Homogenize tissues, precipitate proteins, hydrolyze proteins to free amino acids, and derivative. Analyze by GC-MS or LC-MS. Calculate the fractional synthesis rate (FSR) based on the enrichment of labeled valine into proteins.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
L-Valine-15N has a molecular formula C5H11NO2 (with ¹⁵N) and a molecular weight of 118.14 g/mol. It appears as a white crystalline powder. Melting point: ~295-300degC (decomposes). Solubility: Soluble in water (1-5 mg/mL). Purity: Typically ≥98% by HPLC. Isotopic enrichment: ≥98 atom% ¹⁵N. Store as a powder at -20degC or 4degC in a tightly sealed container, protected from light and moisture. Stable for several years.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
L-Valine is an essential amino acid with low toxicity in normal dietary amounts. At pharmacological doses, it may cause fatigue, nausea, or loss of coordination. The ¹⁵N-labeled analog shares the same safety profile. Handle with standard laboratory precautions (gloves, lab coat). Avoid dust generation. Use in a well-ventilated area. For research use only, not for human consumption. Always consult the SDS for detailed safety information.
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| References |
[1]. Russak EM, et al. Impact of Deuterium Substitution on the Pharmacokinetics of Pharmaceuticals. Ann Pharmacother. 2019;53(2):211-216.
[2]. Oldiges, et al. Application of metabolic engineering for the biotechnological production of L-valine. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 98, 5859–5870 (2014). |
| Additional Infomation |
L-Valine is one of three branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs; along with leucine and isoleucine), which are critical for muscle protein synthesis and energy production. The ¹⁵N-labeled version is a gold-standard internal standard for metabolomics and flux studies. It is also used in clinical research to study disorders of BCAA metabolism (e.g., maple syrup urine disease). The compound is not a drug but a high-value research biochemical. It is a controlled substance for internal standards.
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| Molecular Formula |
C5H1115NO2
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
118.14
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| Exact Mass |
117.078
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| CAS # |
59935-29-4
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| Related CAS # |
L-Valine;72-18-4
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| PubChem CID |
13000923
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.1±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
213.6±23.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
295-300ºC (subl.)(lit.)
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| Flash Point |
83.0±22.6 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.1±0.9 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.461
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| LogP |
0.2
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
2
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
3
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
2
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| Heavy Atom Count |
8
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| Complexity |
90.4
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
1
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| SMILES |
CC(C)[C@@H](C(=O)O)[15NH2]
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| InChi Key |
KZSNJWFQEVHDMF-JGTYJTGKSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C5H11NO2/c1-3(2)4(6)5(7)8/h3-4H,6H2,1-2H3,(H,7,8)/t4-/m0/s1/i6+1
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| Chemical Name |
(2S)-2-(15N)azanyl-3-methylbutanoic acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment (e.g. under nitrogen), avoid exposure to moisture and light. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 8.4645 mL | 42.3227 mL | 84.6453 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.6929 mL | 8.4645 mL | 16.9291 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.8465 mL | 4.2323 mL | 8.4645 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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