| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 100mg |
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| 500mg |
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| Targets |
Endogenous metabolite; Phosphate monoesters. Acid phosphatase primarily targets phosphate monoesters, catalyzing their hydrolysis in acidic environments. In humans, specific isoenzymes like prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) are regulated by androgens and serve as biomarkers. The enzyme is also a target for cancer immunotherapy, and its expression correlates with various physiological and pathological processes.
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro, ACP activity is typically measured using colorimetric substrates like p-nitrophenyl phosphate (pNPP), which produces a yellow product measurable at 405 nm. For example, the reaction is performed in 50 mM NaOAc buffer (pH 5.0) and initiated by adding the substrate. The enzyme is used in thiochrome assays for thiamin detection in biological samples, where potato-derived ACP is more effective than wheat germ sources.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, ACP activity is used clinically as a diagnostic marker. Prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) levels in serum are elevated in prostate cancer patients, particularly in metastatic stages, making it a traditional biomarker. However, its role in normal physiology involves phosphate recycling and metabolism in lysosomes. The enzyme also serves as a target for cancer immunotherapy, with ongoing research into its role in immune modulation.
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| Enzyme Assay |
The standard pNPP colorimetric assay is widely used. Prepare enzyme solution (e.g., 3 ug/mL ACP1 in 50 mM NaOAc, pH 5.0) and substrate (2 mM pNPP). Initiate the reaction by mixing 50 uL enzyme with 50 uL substrate in a 96-well plate. Incubate at 37degC for 30 min. Terminate the reaction by adding 100 uL of 0.5 M NaOH. Measure absorbance at 405 nm. Activity is calculated using a standard curve of p-nitrophenol. Include appropriate blanks and controls.
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| Cell Assay |
For cellular assays, cells are lysed in RIPA buffer on ice to extract ACP. Centrifuge at 15,000 rpm at 4degC for 15 min to collect supernatant containing the enzyme. Alternatively, use commercial ACP activity assay kits. For serum/plasma, allow blood to clot at 25degC for 30 min, centrifuge, and collect serum. For tissue, homogenize the sample in appropriate buffer, centrifuge, and use the supernatant for the enzyme activity assay as described in protocol 5.
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| Animal Protocol |
A standard animal protocol for assessing ACP as a biomarker involves collecting blood from animal models of disease (e.g., prostate cancer xenografts). Blood is incubated at 25degC for 30 min to clot, followed by centrifugation to obtain serum. ACP activity in serum is measured using the pNPP method described in protocol 5. Histochemical staining for ACP can also be performed on tissue sections for localization studies.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
As an enzyme, Acid phosphatase has a molecular weight varying by source (e.g., potato ACP ~69 kDa). It is optimally active at pH 4-6 and is sensitive to temperature and metal ions. Lyophilized powders should be stored at -20degC. In solution, store at 4degC with stabilizers (e.g., BSA) to prevent denaturation. For activity assays, dilute in acidic buffers (e.g., 50 mM NaOAc pH 5.0).
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
ACP is not considered highly toxic as it is a naturally occurring enzyme. However, the pure enzyme preparation may cause allergic reactions in sensitive individuals. Standard laboratory safety precautions should be followed when handling. Avoid inhalation of powder and contact with skin/eyes. Always consult the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for specific details. In clinical settings, elevated ACP is a marker for disease, not a toxic effect.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of monophosphate and water into alcohol and orthophosphate. EC 3.1.3.2.
Acid phosphatase is a lysosomal enzyme with an optimal acidic pH. The prostatic isoenzyme (PAP) is a well-established serum biomarker for prostate cancer, though it has largely been replaced by PSA. Beyond its diagnostic use, ACP is a research tool in biochemistry for dephosphorylation reactions and is used in food industry applications. It is also being investigated as a target for cancer immunotherapy. The enzyme is available in various forms (e.g., from potato, wheat germ). |
| Molecular Formula |
C6H10O2
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
114.1424
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| Exact Mass |
114.068
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| CAS # |
9001-77-8
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| PubChem CID |
12951370
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| Appearance |
Light brown to brown solid powder
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| Density |
1.00 g/mL at 20 °C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.4439
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| LogP |
-0.1
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
1
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
2
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
3
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| Heavy Atom Count |
8
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| Complexity |
89.9
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
CC(COCC#C)O
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| InChi Key |
GZCWLCBFPRFLKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C6H10O2/c1-3-4-8-5-6(2)7/h1,6-7H,4-5H2,2H3
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| Chemical Name |
1-prop-2-ynoxypropan-2-ol
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 8.7612 mL | 43.8059 mL | 87.6117 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.7522 mL | 8.7612 mL | 17.5223 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.8761 mL | 4.3806 mL | 8.7612 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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