| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 5mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Human Endogenous Metabolite
7-Methylguanosine 5'-diphosphate sodium targets components of the translation initiation machinery. Specifically, it inhibits the binding of eukaryotic initiation factors (eIFs) to capped mRNA. The cap analog competitively binds to the cap-binding site of eIF4E, the cap-binding protein, thereby preventing recognition of the natural cap structure on mRNA. It also prevents complex formation involving uncapped mRNA or 18S rRNA. |
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| ln Vitro |
7-Methylguanosine 5'-diphosphate sodium prevents complex formation involving uncapped mRNA or 18 S rRNA as well as the binding of eukaryotic initiation factors to reovirus capped mRNA[1]. T. brucei mRNA decapping enzyme (TbDcp2) that breaks down capped RNA into 7-Methylguanosine 5'-diphosphate sodium, which serves as pRNA's substrate[2].
In vitro, 7-Methylguanosine 5'-diphosphate sodium inhibits binding of eukaryotic initiation factors to reovirus capped mRNA and complex formation involving uncapped mRNA or 18S rRNA. It acts as a cap analog, preventing the recognition of the natural mRNA cap by the translation initiation machinery. This property makes it useful for studying translation regulation and for incorporating modified caps into synthetic mRNA to modulate translation efficiency and stability. |
| ln Vivo |
No therapeutic in vivo activity has been described for this compound as a drug. However, as a reagent, it is used in the in vitro synthesis of capped mRNA for research and clinical applications (e.g., mRNA vaccines). In these contexts, the cap analog is incorporated into mRNA during transcription, resulting in capped mRNAs with defined structures that can be translated into proteins in vivo following administration. The compound itself is not administered directly to animals for pharmacological effects; its use is strictly as a biochemical reagent.
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| Enzyme Assay |
For non-cellular assays (protein binding), a filter-binding assay can be used. 7-Methylguanosine 5'-diphosphate sodium (10 uM to 1 mM) is incubated with purified eIF4E (1 uM) in binding buffer (20 mM HEPES pH 7.5, 100 mM KCl, 0.5 mM DTT, 5% glycerol) for 30 minutes at room temperature. Then, 3H-labeled capped mRNA probe (10 nM) is added and incubated for an additional 30 minutes. The reaction mixture is filtered through nitrocellulose membranes under vacuum, washed 3 times with binding buffer, and the radioactivity retained on the filter (bound to protein) is measured by scintillation counting.
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| Cell Assay |
For cell-based assays, HeLa cells or rabbit reticulocyte lysates are used. For cell-free translation assays, rabbit reticulocyte lysate is programmed with capped mRNA (e.g., luciferase mRNA, 0.5 ug) in the presence or absence of 7-Methylguanosine 5'-diphosphate sodium (0.1-2 mM). After incubation at 30degC for 60 minutes, translation products are analyzed by measuring luciferase activity (luciferase assay reagent) or by SDS-PAGE and autoradiography if using 3⁵S-methionine. For cell-based assays, cells are transfected with capped mRNA and translation efficiency is measured.
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| Animal Protocol |
For in vivo animal experiments, 7-Methylguanosine 5'-diphosphate sodium is not typically administered as a free drug. Instead, it is used as a reagent in the production of capped mRNA, which is then administered to animals. For example, the cap analog is incorporated into mRNA encoding a therapeutic protein (e.g., firefly luciferase or Cas9) during in vitro transcription. The capped mRNA is complexed with lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) and administered intravenously (IV) or intramuscularly (IM) to mice at doses of 0.1-1 mg/kg. Protein expression is quantified by in vivo bioluminescence imaging (for luciferase) or by ELISA of serum or tissue homogenates.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
7-Methylguanosine 5'-diphosphate sodium is a cap analog with a molecular weight of approximately 561.23 (for free acid) but is provided as the sodium salt. It is soluble in water (>20 mg/mL) and can be stored at -20degC. The compound contains a 5'-diphosphate group rather than the natural 5'-triphosphate (ppp) cap. In in vitro transcription reactions, it is added in excess over GTP to favor incorporation at the 5' end of the transcript.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
As a biochemical reagent used in non-cellular systems and in vitro transcription, 7-Methylguanosine 5'-diphosphate sodium is not subject to toxicity testing as a drug. When used as a cap analog for mRNA synthesis, the final product (capped mRNA) has a favorable safety profile. The compound itself is a nucleotide analog and, if administered directly, could be cytotoxic at high concentrations due to interference with translation. Standard laboratory safety guidelines for handling nucleotides should be followed.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
7-Methyl-7,8-dihydroguanosine-5'-diphosphate is a purine ribonucleoside 5'-diphosphate with the nucleobase 7-methyl-7,8-dihydroguanine. It is the conjugate acid of 7-methyl-7,8-dihydroguanosine-5'-diphosphate (3-).
7-Methylguanosine 5'-diphosphate sodium is a biochemical reagent and research tool, not an approved drug. No clinical trials have been conducted with this compound as a therapeutic agent. Its primary applications include the synthesis of mRNA cap analogues for in vitro transcription, and as a tool for studying mRNA translation initiation. Modified cap analogs based on 7-methylguanosine have been incorporated into synthetic mRNA used in vaccine development (e.g., mRNA COVID-19 vaccines) and gene therapy, but the compound itself is an intermediate, not a final drug product. |
| Molecular Formula |
C11H16N5NAO11P2
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
479.21
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| Exact Mass |
459.056
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| CAS # |
104809-16-7
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| PubChem CID |
135509116
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
7
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
14
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
6
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| Heavy Atom Count |
29
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| Complexity |
858
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
4
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| SMILES |
CN1CN(C2=C1C(=O)NC(=N2)N)[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O3)COP(=O)(O)OP(=O)(O)O)O)O
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| InChi Key |
QQODJOAVWUWVHJ-KQYNXXCUSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C11H19N5O11P2/c1-15-3-16(8-5(15)9(19)14-11(12)13-8)10-7(18)6(17)4(26-10)2-25-29(23,24)27-28(20,21)22/h4,6-7,10,17-18H,2-3H2,1H3,(H,23,24)(H2,20,21,22)(H3,12,13,14,19)/t4-,6-,7-,10-/m1/s1
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| Chemical Name |
[(2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(2-amino-7-methyl-6-oxo-1,8-dihydropurin-9-yl)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]methyl phosphono hydrogen phosphate
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
H2O: 50 mg/mL (104.34 mM)
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.0868 mL | 10.4338 mL | 20.8677 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.4174 mL | 2.0868 mL | 4.1735 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2087 mL | 1.0434 mL | 2.0868 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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