| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 5mg |
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| Targets |
L-Valine-13C5,15N does not have a specific pharmacological target as it is a stable isotope-labeled tracer. L-Valine is a branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) used in protein biosynthesis and is essential for animals with insulin-resistant properties. The labeled form is used to trace valine metabolism and its role in various biological processes. Its "target" in research is the metabolic pathways involving valine, including protein synthesis, BCAA catabolism, and nitrogen metabolism.
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| ln Vitro |
Drug compounds have included stable heavy isotopes of carbon, hydrogen, and other elements, mostly as quantitative tracers while the drugs were being developed. Because deuteration may have an effect on a drug's pharmacokinetics and metabolic properties, it is a cause for concern [1].
In vitro activity of L-Valine-13C5,15N is measured as its utility as a tracer in metabolic studies. In cell culture, the labeled amino acid is incorporated into proteins and metabolic intermediates, allowing for tracking via mass spectrometry. Its "activity" is reflected in its metabolic incorporation and its ability to serve as a probe for studying valine metabolism, protein synthesis, and BCAA catabolism in various cell types including muscle cells, hepatocytes, and adipocytes. |
| ln Vivo |
In vivo, L-Valine-13C5,15N is used to study valine metabolism, protein synthesis, and nitrogen flux in living organisms. Administered orally or intravenously, the labeled amino acid is incorporated into body proteins or metabolized through BCAA catabolic pathways. These studies provide quantitative data on valine kinetics, including rates of appearance, disposal, oxidation, and incorporation into tissue proteins. The dual labeling (13C and 15N) allows for simultaneous tracking of carbon and nitrogen fate, providing comprehensive insights into amino acid metabolism.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro enzyme assays with L-Valine-13C5,15N typically involve studying enzymes of valine metabolism such as branched-chain aminotransferase (BCAT) and branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase (BCKDH). The labeled substrate is incubated with enzyme preparations in appropriate buffers, and the reaction products (e.g., alpha-ketoisovalerate and labeled glutamate) are analyzed by mass spectrometry. These assays provide mechanistic insights into enzyme kinetics, substrate specificity, and the regulation of BCAA metabolism.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cell culture experiments with L-Valine-13C5,15N involve supplementing cell culture media with the labeled amino acid, often in valine-free or defined media. Cells (e.g., muscle cells, hepatocytes) are cultured for various periods to allow incorporation of the label into proteins and metabolites. Following incubation, cells are harvested, proteins or metabolites are extracted, and isotopic enrichment is measured by mass spectrometry. These experiments are used to study protein synthesis rates, BCAA catabolism, and the role of valine in cellular metabolism and signaling.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal experiments with L-Valine-13C5,15N typically involve administering the labeled compound via oral gavage, intravenous injection, or dietary incorporation to rodents. Blood, tissues (muscle, liver, adipose), and excreta are collected at various time points. Isotopic enrichment of valine and its metabolites in plasma and tissues is measured by mass spectrometry. These studies provide quantitative data on whole-body valine metabolism, including protein synthesis, BCAA oxidation, and the impact of nutritional or pathological states (e.g., insulin resistance, diabetes) on valine utilization.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
The pharmacokinetic (PK) properties of L-Valine-13C5,15N are essentially identical to those of natural L-valine. L-valine is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract via amino acid transporters, distributed throughout the body, and utilized in protein synthesis or metabolized through BCAA catabolic pathways. It has a relatively short plasma half-life due to rapid clearance and utilization. The dual isotope labels (13C and 15N) allow for precise tracking of the compound's distribution and metabolism, making it valuable for PK studies of amino acid metabolism and metabolic flux analysis.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
L-Valine-13C5,15N has a low toxicity profile since it is a naturally occurring essential amino acid. The isotope labels (13C and 15N) are stable, non-radioactive isotopes and do not introduce any additional toxicity. At normal physiological concentrations, L-valine is safe and well-tolerated. For research use, standard laboratory safety practices are sufficient. L-Valine is essential for animals and plays a role in protein biosynthesis.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
((13)C5,(15)N)-valine is an L-α-amino acid in which all five carbon atoms are (13)C isotopes, while the nitrogen atom is (15)N isotope. It is an L-α-amino acid, valine, and also a (13)C modified compound and a (15)N modified compound.
L-Valine-13C5,15N is a research-grade stable isotope-labeled compound used primarily as a tracer in metabolic and nutritional studies. It is a dual-labeled (13C and 15N) form of L-valine, one of the twenty proteinogenic amino acids and an essential amino acid. The compound is used in mass spectrometry-based metabolomics and flux analysis to study valine metabolism, protein synthesis, and BCAA catabolism. It is not a drug and has no clinical trials or therapeutic indications. It is available for laboratory research use only. |
| Molecular Formula |
13C5H1115NO2
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
123.10
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| Exact Mass |
123.093
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| CAS # |
202407-30-5
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| Related CAS # |
L-Valine;72-18-4
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| PubChem CID |
12164856
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| LogP |
0.754
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
2
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
3
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
2
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| Heavy Atom Count |
8
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| Complexity |
90.4
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
1
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| SMILES |
[13CH3][13CH]([13CH3])[13C@@H]([13C](=O)O)[15NH2]
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| InChi Key |
KZSNJWFQEVHDMF-XAFSXMPTSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C5H11NO2/c1-3(2)4(6)5(7)8/h3-4H,6H2,1-2H3,(H,7,8)/t4-/m0/s1/i1+1,2+1,3+1,4+1,5+1,6+1
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| Chemical Name |
(2S)-2-(15N)azanyl-3-(113C)methyl(1,2,3,4-13C4)butanoic acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
H2O: 35.71 mg/mL (290.09 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 8.1235 mL | 40.6174 mL | 81.2348 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.6247 mL | 8.1235 mL | 16.2470 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.8123 mL | 4.0617 mL | 8.1235 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
Link: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02305056
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