| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| Targets |
L-Serine-15N does not have a specific pharmacological target as it is a stable isotope-labeled tracer rather than a drug. Its "target" in research is the metabolic pathways involving serine. As a non-essential amino acid, L-serine is involved in protein synthesis, one-carbon metabolism, and the synthesis of other amino acids, phospholipids, and neurotransmitters. The 15N label allows researchers to trace nitrogen atoms through these pathways, providing insights into nitrogen metabolism, amino acid biosynthesis, and metabolic flux in various biological systems.
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| ln Vitro |
Drug compounds have included stable heavy isotopes of carbon, hydrogen, and other elements, mostly as quantitative tracers while the drugs were being developed. Because deuteration may have an effect on a drug's pharmacokinetics and metabolic properties, it is a cause for concern [1].
In vitro activity of L-Serine-15N is measured as its utility as a tracer in metabolic studies rather than as a pharmacological agent. In cell culture, the compound is incorporated into proteins and metabolic intermediates, enabling tracking via mass spectrometry or NMR spectroscopy. Its "activity" is reflected in its metabolic incorporation and its ability to serve as a probe for studying cellular metabolism. It is particularly useful for investigating one-carbon metabolism, nucleotide biosynthesis, and the interconversion between serine and glycine in various cell types. |
| ln Vivo |
In vivo studies using L-Serine-15N typically involve administering the labeled amino acid to animals and tracking its metabolic fate through various tissues and biological fluids. The compound is incorporated into body proteins and can be detected in plasma, tissues, and excretory products. These studies provide quantitative data on serine metabolism, protein synthesis rates, and nitrogen flux in living organisms. L-serine plays important roles in cell proliferation and growth, and the labeled version helps elucidate these processes in the context of development, disease, and nutritional status.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro enzyme/receptor binding experiments with L-Serine-15N are not performed for drug-target interactions. Instead, the compound is used in enzymatic assays to study serine-metabolizing enzymes such as serine hydroxymethyltransferase, serine dehydratase, and phosphoserine aminotransferase. The 15N label enables mass spectrometry-based detection and quantification of enzymatic products, providing mechanistic insights into enzyme kinetics. Typical experiments involve incubating the labeled substrate with purified enzymes or cell lysates and analyzing product formation by LC-MS/MS, often in conjunction with 13C-labeled substrates for comprehensive metabolic tracing.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cell culture experiments with L-Serine-15N involve supplementing cell culture media with the labeled amino acid, either as a complete replacement or as a tracer in serine-free or serine-depleted media. Cells are cultured for various periods to allow incorporation into proteins and metabolites. Following incubation, cells are harvested, and metabolites or proteins are extracted for analysis by mass spectrometry. These experiments are widely used in metabolomics and flux analysis studies to investigate serine metabolism, one-carbon metabolism, and the role of serine in cell proliferation and cancer metabolism.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal experiments with L-Serine-15N typically involve administering the labeled compound via oral gavage, intravenous injection, or dietary incorporation. Animals are given single doses or continuous infusions, and blood, tissues, and excreta are collected at various time points. Isotopic enrichment in plasma amino acids, tissue proteins, and metabolites is measured by mass spectrometry. These studies provide quantitative data on whole-body serine metabolism, protein synthesis rates, and the impact of nutritional or pathological states on serine utilization. They are particularly valuable for studying metabolic disorders and cancer metabolism.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
The pharmacokinetic (PK) properties of L-Serine-15N are essentially identical to those of natural L-serine. L-serine is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract via amino acid transporters, distributed throughout the body, and utilized in protein synthesis or metabolized through various pathways including conversion to glycine and pyruvate. It has a relatively short plasma half-life due to rapid clearance and utilization. The 15N label allows for precise tracking of the compound's distribution and metabolism, making it valuable for PK studies of amino acid metabolism. In research, it is used as a tracer for metabolic flux analysis and stable isotope labeling in various biological systems.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
L-Serine-15N has a low toxicity profile since it is a naturally occurring non-essential amino acid. The isotope label (15N) is a stable, non-radioactive isotope and does not introduce any additional toxicity. At normal physiological concentrations, L-serine is safe and well-tolerated. Even at high doses, amino acids generally have a wide safety margin. For research use, standard laboratory safety practices are sufficient, and the compound is not considered hazardous. It is commonly used in NMR-based research studies to probe protein structure, dynamics, and binding.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
L-Serine-15N is a research-grade stable isotope-labeled compound used primarily as a tracer in metabolic and structural biology studies. Its primary applications include NMR spectroscopy to probe the structure, dynamics, and binding of biological macromolecules, as well as mass spectrometry-based metabolomics and flux analysis to study serine metabolism and one-carbon metabolism. It is not a drug and has no clinical trials or approved therapeutic indications. As an isotopically labeled amino acid, it serves as a critical research tool for understanding metabolic pathways and protein structure. The unlabeled compound has CAS number 56-45-1, and the labeled version is available for laboratory research use only.
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| Molecular Formula |
C3H715NO3
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| Molecular Weight |
106.09
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| Exact Mass |
106.039
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| CAS # |
59935-32-9
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| Related CAS # |
L-Serine;56-45-1
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| PubChem CID |
12219636
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.4±0.1 g/cm3
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| Index of Refraction |
1.519
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| LogP |
-3.1
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
3
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
4
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
2
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| Heavy Atom Count |
7
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| Complexity |
72.6
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
1
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| SMILES |
OC[C@@H](C(=O)O)[15NH2]
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| InChi Key |
MTCFGRXMJLQNBG-GZPBOPPUSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C3H7NO3/c4-2(1-5)3(6)7/h2,5H,1,4H2,(H,6,7)/t2-/m0/s1/i4+1
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| Chemical Name |
(2S)-2-(15N)azanyl-3-hydroxypropanoic acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment (e.g. under nitrogen), avoid exposure to moisture and light. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 9.4260 mL | 47.1298 mL | 94.2596 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.8852 mL | 9.4260 mL | 18.8519 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.9426 mL | 4.7130 mL | 9.4260 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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