| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 5mg |
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| 10mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
L-Cysteine-d2 has no independent pharmacological target as a stable isotope tracer. L-Cysteine itself is a precursor for biosynthesis of glutathione (a major cellular antioxidant), hydrogen sulfide (a gasotransmitter involved in vasodilation and cytoprotection), taurine, and coenzyme A. Cysteine also suppresses ghrelin and reduces appetite in rodents and humans. The deuterated version serves as a tracer for these pathways.
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| ln Vitro |
Drug compounds have included stable heavy isotopes of carbon, hydrogen, and other elements, mostly as quantitative tracers while the drugs were being developed. Because deuteration may have an effect on a drug's pharmacokinetics and metabolic properties, it is a cause for concern [1].
As a stable isotope tracer, L-Cysteine-d2 is not tested for in vitro pharmacological activity. In cell cultures, it is used to trace cysteine metabolism through the transsulfuration pathway (conversion to glutathione and taurine) and the desulfhydration pathway (H2S production). The non-labeled L-cysteine is a conditionally essential amino acid with documented effects on cellular redox balance and antioxidant capacity. |
| ln Vivo |
L-Cysteine-d2 has no in vivo pharmacological activity as a therapeutic agent. It is used as a tracer to study cysteine metabolism in animals. The non-labeled L-cysteine has documented in vivo effects: it suppresses ghrelin secretion and reduces appetite in rodents and humans; it is used in the management of acetaminophen overdose as a precursor for glutathione synthesis; and it is involved in H2S-mediated cardiovascular protection.
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| Enzyme Assay |
For in vitro tracer experiments, L-Cysteine-d2 is dissolved in culture medium or buffer at desired concentrations (e.g., 50-500 microM, replacing natural cysteine in defined media). Cells are incubated in the labeled medium for specified time periods (0-24 hours). Cells are harvested, washed with PBS, and lysed. Metabolites (glutathione, H2S, taurine, cysteine) are extracted and analyzed by LC-MS/MS to quantify isotope enrichment and metabolic flux rates.
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| Cell Assay |
Cells (e.g., hepatocytes, neurons, or cancer cells) are cultured in standard medium (DMEM with 10% FBS, 2 mM glutamine, 0.2 mM cysteine). The medium is then replaced with cysteine-free defined medium containing L-Cysteine-d2 (e.g., 0.2 mM). Cultures are incubated for 0-24 hours at 37degC with 5% CO2. At each time point, cells are collected, lysed in 0.1% formic acid/methanol (80:20), and centrifuged. The supernatant is analyzed by LC-MS/MS to track 2H-labeled metabolites. For H2S detection, a specific fluorescent probe such as WSP-1 can be used.
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| Animal Protocol |
For in vivo tracer studies, L-Cysteine-d2 is administered to rodents via intravenous injection, intraperitoneal injection (50-200 mg/kg), or oral gavage. Blood samples are collected at multiple time points (0, 5, 15, 30, 60, 120, 240 minutes). At terminal time points, tissues (liver, kidney, brain, heart, muscle) are harvested, snap-frozen in liquid nitrogen, and stored at -80degC. Tissues are homogenized, and cysteine and its metabolites (glutathione, taurine, H2S, cystine) are extracted and analyzed by LC-MS/MS for 2H enrichment.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
L-Cysteine-d2 is a stable isotope tracer and does not have independent PK parameters. It follows the same ADME properties as natural L-cysteine. Cysteine is absorbed from the small intestine via neutral amino acid transporters, distributed to all tissues, and metabolized primarily in the liver (to glutathione via gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase and glutathione synthetase, and to taurine and H2S via cystathionine pathways). Plasma half-life in humans is approximately 30-60 minutes. Excess cysteine is excreted in urine as cystine or sulfate.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
L-Cysteine is a naturally occurring amino acid with low toxicity at nutritional doses (GRAS status). The LD50 in rodents is >5,000 mg/kg. At very high doses, cysteine may cause gastrointestinal distress, and its oxidized disulfide form (cystine) can cause nephrolithiasis in susceptible individuals. L-Cysteine-d2 is chemically identical except for isotopic substitution and has the same safety profile. Not for human consumption. Standard laboratory precautions apply.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
L-Cysteine-d2 is not a drug but a deuterium-labeled stable isotope tracer. It has no approved therapeutic status, no clinical trial history as a therapeutic agent, and is not intended for human consumption. It is used exclusively as a stable isotope tracer for metabolic studies, particularly for investigating sulfur amino acid metabolism, glutathione biosynthesis, H2S production, and transsulfuration pathways. L-Cysteine-d2 is also used as an internal standard for LC-MS quantification of cysteine in biological samples. Available with ≥98% purity and 98 atom% D.
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| Molecular Formula |
C3H7NO2S
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
123.170502901077
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| Exact Mass |
123.032
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| CAS # |
130633-02-2
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| Related CAS # |
L-Cysteine;52-90-4
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| PubChem CID |
153695649
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| LogP |
-2.5
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
3
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
4
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
2
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| Heavy Atom Count |
7
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| Complexity |
75.3
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
1
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| SMILES |
[C@H](N)(C([2H])([2H])S)C(=O)O
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| InChi Key |
XUJNEKJLAYXESH-XFJCSJJYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C3H7NO2S/c4-2(1-7)3(5)6/h2,7H,1,4H2,(H,5,6)/t2-/m0/s1/i1D2
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| Chemical Name |
(2R)-2-amino-3,3-dideuterio-3-sulfanylpropanoic acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
H2O: 16.67 mg/mL (135.34 mM)
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 8.1189 mL | 40.5943 mL | 81.1886 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.6238 mL | 8.1189 mL | 16.2377 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.8119 mL | 4.0594 mL | 8.1189 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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