| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1mg |
|
||
| 5mg |
|
||
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
L-Tryptophan-13C11 has no independent pharmacological target as a stable isotope tracer. L-Tryptophan itself is a precursor for the biosynthesis of serotonin via tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) and aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC), and for melatonin via serotonin N-acetyltransferase (AANAT) and hydroxyindole O-methyltransferase (HIOMT). The 13C-labeled version follows the same metabolic pathways and is used for pathway tracing.
|
|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
Drug compounds have included stable heavy isotopes of carbon, hydrogen, and other elements, mostly as quantitative tracers while the drugs were being developed. Because deuteration may have an effect on a drug's pharmacokinetics and metabolic properties, it is a cause for concern [1].
As a stable isotope tracer, L-Tryptophan-13C11 is not tested for in vitro pharmacological activity. In cell cultures, it is used to trace tryptophan metabolism through the kynurenine pathway and serotonin synthesis pathway. The 13C label enables mass spectrometry detection of metabolic intermediates. The non-labeled L-tryptophan is an essential nutrient with documented effects on sleep and mood regulation when supplemented. |
| ln Vivo |
L-Tryptophan-13C11 has no in vivo pharmacological activity as a therapeutic agent. It is used as a tracer to study tryptophan metabolism in animals, including conversion to serotonin in the brain and kynurenine pathway metabolites in the periphery. The 13C-labeled version enables tracking of metabolic fluxes with high specificity using LC-MS/MS detection of isotope enrichment in downstream metabolites.
|
| Enzyme Assay |
For in vitro tracer experiments, L-Tryptophan-13C11 is dissolved in culture medium at defined concentrations (e.g., 10-100 microM) to replace or supplement natural tryptophan. Cells are cultured in the labeled medium for periods of 1-48 hours. At specified time points, cell culture supernatants and cell lysates are collected. Metabolites are extracted by protein precipitation with methanol or acetonitrile and analyzed by LC-MS/MS to detect 13C-labeled tryptophan and its downstream metabolites.
|
| Cell Assay |
Cells (neuronal, immune, or intestinal cell lines) are seeded in standard medium (DMEM with 10% FBS, 2 mM glutamine) at appropriate densities. After 24 hours, medium is replaced with defined medium containing L-Tryptophan-13C11 (10-100 microM). Cells are incubated for up to 48 hours. At selected time points (e.g., 0, 6, 12, 24, 48 hours), supernatants are collected, and cells are lysed in methanol:water (80:20). Extracts are centrifuged and analyzed by LC-MS/MS to quantify labeled tryptophan, kynurenine, kynurenic acid, serotonin, and other metabolites.
|
| Animal Protocol |
For in vivo tracer studies, L-Tryptophan-13C11 is administered to rodents via intravenous injection, intraperitoneal injection (50-200 mg/kg), or oral gavage. Blood samples are collected at multiple time points (e.g., 0, 5, 15, 30, 60, 120, 240 minutes). At terminal time points, brain regions (e.g., hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, striatum), liver, and other tissues are harvested. Tissues are homogenized, and tryptophan and its metabolites are extracted and analyzed by LC-MS/MS to determine 13C enrichment and metabolic flux.
|
| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
L-Tryptophan-13C11 is a stable isotope tracer and has no established PK parameters as a separate entity. It follows the same ADME properties as natural L-tryptophan. Tryptophan is absorbed from the small intestine via amino acid transporters, bound to albumin in circulation (≈80-90% bound), distributed to all tissues, and crosses the blood-brain barrier via the large neutral amino acid transporter (LAT1). It is metabolized primarily via the kynurenine pathway (≈95%).
|
| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
L-Tryptophan is a naturally occurring essential amino acid with low toxicity at nutritional doses. The LD50 of tryptophan in rodents is >1,000 mg/kg. At very high doses, tryptophan supplementation has been associated with eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome (EMS), a rare adverse reaction linked to contaminants in manufacturing processes. The 13C-labeled version is chemically identical and has the same safety profile. No toxicity specific to the 13C label is known.
|
| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
L-Tryptophan-13C11 is not a drug but a stable isotope-labeled research reagent. It has no approved therapeutic status, no clinical trial history as an independent agent, and is not intended for human consumption. It is used exclusively as a tracer for metabolic studies and as an internal standard for LC-MS quantification of tryptophan and its metabolites in biological samples. Available in high isotopic enrichment (≥98% purity, 99 atom% 13C).
|
| Molecular Formula |
C11H12N2O2
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
204.23
|
| Exact Mass |
215.126
|
| CAS # |
202114-65-6
|
| Related CAS # |
L-Tryptophan;73-22-3
|
| PubChem CID |
162642150
|
| Appearance |
Off-white to light yellow solid powder
|
| LogP |
-1.1
|
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
3
|
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
3
|
| Rotatable Bond Count |
3
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
15
|
| Complexity |
245
|
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
1
|
| SMILES |
[13C](O)(=O)[13C@H]([13CH2][13C]1[13C]2[13C](=[13CH][13CH]=[13CH][13CH]=2)N[13CH]=1)N
|
| InChi Key |
QIVBCDIJIAJPQS-WQQZOYGJSA-N
|
| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C11H12N2O2/c12-9(11(14)15)5-7-6-13-10-4-2-1-3-8(7)10/h1-4,6,9,13H,5,12H2,(H,14,15)/t9-/m0/s1/i1+1,2+1,3+1,4+1,5+1,6+1,7+1,8+1,9+1,10+1,11+1
|
| Chemical Name |
(2S)-2-amino-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)(1,2,3-13C3)propanoic acid
|
| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
|
| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
|
| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
|
|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 4.8964 mL | 24.4822 mL | 48.9644 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.9793 mL | 4.8964 mL | 9.7929 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.4896 mL | 2.4482 mL | 4.8964 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
Products are for research use only; We do not sell to patients
Copyright 2020 InvivoChem LLC | All Rights Reserved
