| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 1mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
L-Tryptophan-1-13C has no independent pharmacological target. The unlabeled L-tryptophan is an essential amino acid that serves as the sole precursor for the neurotransmitter serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine), the sleep-regulating hormone melatonin, and the vitamin B3 (niacin). It exerts its primary biological effects after being metabolized along the serotonin pathway and the kynurenine pathway, which produces various neuroactive metabolites.
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| ln Vitro |
Drug compounds have included stable heavy isotopes of carbon, hydrogen, and other elements, mostly as quantitative tracers while the drugs were being developed. Because deuteration may have an effect on a drug's pharmacokinetics and metabolic properties, it is a cause for concern [1].
L-Tryptophan-1-13C is used as a tracer, not to measure activity. The unlabeled L-tryptophan plays a crucial role in cellular health. In vitro, it is an essential requirement for the growth and survival of many cell lines in culture. It is also known to modulate immune cell function, promoting a regulatory phenotype in T-cells, and its metabolites can protect neurons from excitotoxicity by acting as N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists. |
| ln Vivo |
In vivo, L-tryptophan is vital for mood regulation, sleep, and appetite control via its conversion to serotonin. Its metabolism via the kynurenine pathway, activated by inflammatory stimuli, is a key regulator of immune responses and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several diseases, including cancer, depression, and neurodegenerative disorders. The 13C-labeled version is used to trace this complex metabolic branching.
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| Enzyme Assay |
L-Tryptophan-1-13C is used as an internal standard for in vitro assays. A stock solution is typically prepared by dissolving the compound in a solvent like 0.1% formic acid or methanol. A fixed amount of this standard is spiked into a biological sample (e.g., plasma, cell lysate, tissue homogenate) before any processing. After sample preparation (e.g., protein precipitation), the sample is analyzed by LC-MS to quantify the unlabeled L-tryptophan.
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| Cell Assay |
For in vitro cellular experiments, L-Tryptophan-1-13C can be added to cell culture media as a metabolic tracer. Cells, such as neurons, immune cells, or epithelial cells, are incubated in media containing the labeled tryptophan. After a specific labeling period, the cells are harvested, and the metabolites are extracted. LC-MS is then used to track the 13C label into downstream pathways, such as serotonin (5-HT), melatonin, or kynurenine, providing a snapshot of pathway activity.
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| Animal Protocol |
For in vivo animal experiments, the labeled tryptophan is typically administered to rodents via intraperitoneal (IP) injection or oral gavage. Blood samples are taken at multiple time points, and the plasma is analyzed by LC-MS. The time-dependent appearance of the 13C label in plasma and its metabolites provides critical data on the rate of absorption, systemic clearance, and conversion of the parent amino acid into downstream neuroactive or immunomodulatory compounds.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
L-Tryptophan-1-13C has the same ADME properties as unlabeled L-tryptophan. It is an essential amino acid with a short plasma half-life (often around 1-2 hours) because it is rapidly taken up by tissues. It crosses the blood-brain barrier via the large neutral amino acid (LNAA) transporter. The majority of tryptophan (over 90%) is metabolized via the kynurenine pathway, primarily in the liver, with a smaller portion used for serotonin and melatonin synthesis.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
L-Tryptophan is a naturally occurring, essential amino acid and is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) as a nutrient. It has a long history of use as a dietary supplement for sleep and mood. However, there are safety guidelines regarding its use, as very high doses can lead to side effects like nausea and dizziness. The 13C-labeled version is chemically identical, and the very small amounts used in research studies pose no toxicity risk.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
L-Tryptophan-1-13C is not a drug but a stable isotope-labeled research compound. It is extensively used as an internal standard in clinical laboratories and research to measure tryptophan levels in patient samples, particularly for diagnosing conditions like carcinoid syndrome. It is also a vital tracer in neurochemistry and immunology research for studying the kynurenine and serotonin pathways, which are central to understanding diseases like depression, Alzheimer's, and cancer.
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| Molecular Formula |
C11H12N2O2
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
205.217837333679
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| Exact Mass |
205.093
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| CAS # |
81201-92-5
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| Related CAS # |
L-Tryptophan;73-22-3
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| PubChem CID |
71309644
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| LogP |
-1.1
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
3
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
3
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
3
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| Heavy Atom Count |
15
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| Complexity |
245
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
1
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| SMILES |
O[13C]([C@H](CC1=CNC2C=CC=CC1=2)N)=O
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| InChi Key |
QIVBCDIJIAJPQS-KYURPWGOSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C11H12N2O2/c12-9(11(14)15)5-7-6-13-10-4-2-1-3-8(7)10/h1-4,6,9,13H,5,12H2,(H,14,15)/t9-/m0/s1/i11+1
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| Chemical Name |
(2S)-2-amino-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)(113C)propanoic acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
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| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 4.8728 mL | 24.3641 mL | 48.7282 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.9746 mL | 4.8728 mL | 9.7456 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.4873 mL | 2.4364 mL | 4.8728 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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