| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 10mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Human Endogenous Metabolite
α-D-Glucose-1-phosphate disodium is an endogenous metabolite that serves as a key starting material for the synthesis of glucuronic acid. It participates in glycogenolysis and glycogenesis, where it is converted by phosphoglucomutase into glucose-6-phosphate. The compound is a key intermediate in glycogen metabolism, linking glycogen breakdown and synthesis. In glycogenolysis, glycogen phosphorylase cleaves glycogen to produce glucose-1-phosphate, which is then converted to glucose-6-phosphate by phosphoglucomutase for entry into glycolysis or gluconeogenesis. In glycogenesis, glucose-1-phosphate is converted to UDP-glucose by UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase, and UDP-glucose is then used by glycogen synthase to elongate glycogen chains. The compound's role as a precursor for glucuronic acid synthesis is also important for detoxification and the formation of glycosaminoglycans. As a cell inhibitor, antibiotic, and immunosuppressant, it has potential therapeutic applications. |
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro, α-D-Glucose-1-phosphate disodium is used in research on energy metabolism, enzyme mechanisms, and metabolic disorders. The compound is used as a substrate for phosphoglucomutase and other enzymes in glucose metabolism. It is used in studies of glycogen storage diseases to investigate the regulation of glycogen metabolism. It is also used in studies of glucose utilization and metabolic pathways. In cell-based assays, α-D-Glucose-1-phosphate disodium is used to study its effects on cell proliferation and immune function. The compound's cytostatic properties make it useful for studying cell cycle regulation. Its antibiotic and immunosuppressive activities are studied in vitro to assess their potential therapeutic applications.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, α-D-Glucose-1-phosphate disodium is used as a cytostatic compound essential for cardiopathic therapy and as a circulatory system therapy element. The compound is studied for its potential to treat heart disease and other circulatory disorders. Its role as an endogenous metabolite makes it relevant for studies of energy metabolism and metabolic disorders. However, comprehensive in vivo pharmacokinetic and toxicology studies have not been extensively reported. Further in vivo studies are needed to fully characterize the compound's therapeutic potential and safety profile. The compound is classified as a research chemical and is not approved for human use.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro enzyme assays for α-D-Glucose-1-phosphate disodium typically involve the use of phosphoglucomutase. The enzyme is incubated with α-D-Glucose-1-phosphate disodium and other cofactors, and the formation of glucose-6-phosphate is measured. The reaction is monitored spectrophotometrically using coupled enzyme assays (e.g., glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase) or by measuring the formation of NADPH. In assays of UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase, the enzyme is incubated with α-D-Glucose-1-phosphate disodium and UTP, and the formation of UDP-glucose is measured. In assays of glycogen synthase, the enzyme is incubated with UDP-glucose (generated from α-D-Glucose-1-phosphate disodium) and glycogen, and the incorporation of glucose into glycogen is measured. Typical assay conditions include incubation at 25-37°C in appropriate buffer systems (pH 7.4), with reaction products measured by spectrophotometry or fluorometry.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cell-based assays for α-D-Glucose-1-phosphate disodium are performed using various cell lines to study its effects on cell function. Cells are cultured in appropriate medium and treated with α-D-Glucose-1-phosphate disodium at various concentrations (typically 0.1-10 mM) for 24-72 hours. Following treatment, cell proliferation is assessed using MTT, CCK-8, or by counting cell numbers. Cell viability is assessed using LDH assays. The compound's effects on glucose metabolism are studied by measuring glucose uptake, lactate production, and ATP levels. Its immunosuppressive effects are studied by measuring the production of cytokines and the proliferation of immune cells. Each experiment includes appropriate controls and is performed in triplicate to ensure statistical reliability.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal experiments with α-D-Glucose-1-phosphate disodium are conducted in mouse or rat models of metabolic disorders, heart disease, or immune disorders. Typically, 8-12 week old rodents are used, and the compound is administered via oral gavage or intravenous injection at doses ranging from 10-100 mg/kg. Following administration, blood samples are collected to measure glucose, insulin, and other metabolic parameters. In models of heart disease, cardiac function is assessed by echocardiography or by measuring markers of cardiac damage. In models of immune disorders, immune cell populations and cytokine levels are measured. All animal procedures are conducted in accordance with institutional animal care and use committee guidelines, with appropriate sample sizes (typically n=6-10 per group) to ensure statistical power.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
The pharmacokinetic properties of α-D-Glucose-1-phosphate disodium are characteristic of a phosphorylated sugar. With a molecular weight of 304.09 g/mol and multiple polar groups, the compound is highly water-soluble and is expected to have limited oral bioavailability. Following intravenous administration, the compound is rapidly distributed to tissues and metabolized through glucose metabolism pathways. The compound is rapidly cleared from circulation, with a half-life of minutes to hours. As with all research chemicals, appropriate pharmacokinetic studies should be conducted to fully characterize the compound's absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
The toxicological profile of α-D-Glucose-1-phosphate disodium has not been extensively characterized in formal toxicology studies. As an endogenous metabolite, the compound is naturally present in the body and is expected to be relatively non-toxic at physiological concentrations. However, comprehensive toxicology studies including acute, subchronic, and chronic toxicity assessments have not been reported. The compound is classified as a research chemical and is not approved for human use. Standard safety precautions should be observed when handling the compound, including the use of appropriate personal protective equipment.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
α-D-Glucose-1-phosphate disodium is a valuable research tool for studying energy metabolism, enzyme mechanisms, and metabolic disorders. It is an endogenous metabolite that serves as a key starting material for the synthesis of glucuronic acid. The compound participates in glycogenolysis and glycogenesis, where it is converted by phosphoglucomutase into glucose-6-phosphate. It is widely used in research on energy metabolism, enzyme mechanisms, and metabolic disorders, providing insight into glycogen storage diseases, glucose utilization, and regulatory pathways in cellular bioenergetics. It has the molecular formula C₆H₁₁Na₂O₉P and a molecular weight of 304.09 g/mol. It is not approved for any clinical indication and is strictly for research use only. Its role in glucose metabolism makes it an essential tool for studying energy metabolism and metabolic disorders.
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| Molecular Formula |
C6H11NA2O9P
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
304.10
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| Exact Mass |
322.004
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| CAS # |
56401-20-8
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| Related CAS # |
59-56-3 (Parent)
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| PubChem CID |
16213556
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.9g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
603ºC at 760mmHg
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| Melting Point |
138°C
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| Flash Point |
318.5ºC
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
8
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
13
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
2
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| Heavy Atom Count |
22
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| Complexity |
266
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
5
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| SMILES |
C([C@@H]1[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](O1)OP(=O)([O-])[O-])O)O)O)O.O.O.O.O.[Na+].[Na+]
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| InChi Key |
INXMOHFFQYLBED-CXWKFSMRSA-L
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C6H13O9P.2Na.4H2O/c7-1-2-3(8)4(9)5(10)6(14-2)15-16(11,12)13;;;;;;/h2-10H,1H2,(H2,11,12,13);;;4*1H2/q;2*+1;;;;/p-2/t2-,3-,4+,5-,6-;;;;;;/m1....../s1
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| Chemical Name |
disodium;[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] phosphate;tetrahydrate
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 3.2884 mL | 16.4420 mL | 32.8839 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.6577 mL | 3.2884 mL | 6.5768 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3288 mL | 1.6442 mL | 3.2884 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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