| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 5mg |
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| 10mg |
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| 50mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
L-Tyrosine-15N shares the same molecular targets as its unlabeled counterpart. L-Tyrosine is a precursor to catecholamine neurotransmitters (dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine) and melanin, with the enzyme tyrosine hydroxylase being the rate-limiting step. It also acts as a substrate for protein synthesis and plays a role in signal transduction pathways via tyrosine phosphorylation by protein kinases.
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| ln Vitro |
Drug compounds have included stable heavy isotopes of carbon, hydrogen, and other elements, mostly as quantitative tracers while the drugs were being developed. Because deuteration may have an effect on a drug's pharmacokinetics and metabolic properties, it is a cause for concern [1].
As a stable isotope-labeled tracer, L-Tyrosine-15N is not used to assess pharmacological activity. Instead, it is a powerful tool for tracking biological processes. The unlabeled L-tyrosine has demonstrated in vitro activity in inhibiting citrate synthase activity in the posterior cortex. It is also an essential component of cell culture media for the synthesis of proteins and other important biomolecules in a wide range of cell lines. |
| ln Vivo |
In vivo, L-Tyrosine is essential for protein synthesis and the production of crucial hormones and neurotransmitters. The 15N-labeled version is used to trace the metabolic fate of the amino group from tyrosine. This is critical for understanding the body's nitrogen balance, the turnover of catecholamines, and the activity of enzymes like tyrosine transaminase, which is involved in the catabolic pathway of this amino acid.
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| Enzyme Assay |
L-Tyrosine-15N is dissolved in an appropriate buffer or solvent to prepare a stock solution. It serves as an internal standard for LC-MS or GC-MS. For in vitro assays, a fixed amount of the standard is spiked into a biological sample (e.g., plasma, tissue homogenate) prior to processing. Following protein precipitation and centrifugation, the sample is analyzed by mass spectrometry. The ratio of the unlabeled tyrosine to the L-Tyrosine-15N standard allows for precise quantification.
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| Cell Assay |
For in vitro cellular experiments, L-Tyrosine-15N can be added to the cell culture media as a metabolic tracer. After incubating cells for a specific period (e.g., 0, 6, 12, 24 hours), the cells are harvested, and the proteins are extracted. The protein is then hydrolyzed into its constituent amino acids, and the hydrolysate is analyzed by LC-MS. This allows researchers to measure the rate of protein synthesis by tracking the incorporation of the 15N-labeled tyrosine into new proteins.
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| Animal Protocol |
For in vivo animal experiments, L-Tyrosine-15N is administered to rodents, typically via intravenous injection or oral gavage. At predetermined time points, blood, urine, and tissue (e.g., muscle, liver, brain) samples are collected. The samples are processed and analyzed by isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) or LC-MS to determine the 15N enrichment. This data can be used to measure whole-body protein turnover, amino acid deamination, and the synthesis of specific tyrosine metabolites like dopamine.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
L-Tyrosine-15N has no unique pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters of its own, as it is a tracer. Its PK profile is identical to that of natural L-tyrosine. L-tyrosine is rapidly absorbed from the small intestine via large neutral amino acid transporters (LATs). Its plasma half-life in humans is short, typically around 2-4 hours. It is extensively metabolized in the liver and is not significantly stored in the body, so its clearance reflects the metabolic demand for protein synthesis and neurotransmitter production.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
L-Tyrosine is a naturally occurring amino acid and is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) as a nutrient or dietary supplement. At high doses, it is well-tolerated, though some individuals may experience mild gastrointestinal distress or headache. The 15N-labeled version is chemically identical and poses no additional toxic risk. In research, it is used in trace amounts that are far below any threshold of toxicity from the amino acid itself.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
L-Tyrosine-15N is not a drug but a stable isotope-labeled research compound. It is utilized as an internal standard for the quantification of L-tyrosine in biological matrices via mass spectrometry. It is also a powerful tool for metabolic tracer studies, particularly in the fields of neuroscience (to study catecholamine metabolism) and nutrition (to study protein kinetics). Additionally, it is used in NMR research to study the structure, dynamics, and binding of biological macromolecules like proteins.
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| Molecular Formula |
C9H1115NO3
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
182.18
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| Exact Mass |
182.071
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| CAS # |
35424-81-8
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| Related CAS # |
L-Tyrosine;60-18-4
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| PubChem CID |
12209704
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Melting Point |
>300ºC (dec.)(lit.)
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| LogP |
1.046
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
3
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
4
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
3
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| Heavy Atom Count |
13
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| Complexity |
176
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
1
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| SMILES |
C1=C(C=CC(=C1)O)C[C@@H](C(=O)O)[15NH2]
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| InChi Key |
OUYCCCASQSFEME-YTRLMEAHSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C9H11NO3/c10-8(9(12)13)5-6-1-3-7(11)4-2-6/h1-4,8,11H,5,10H2,(H,12,13)/t8-/m0/s1/i10+1
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| Chemical Name |
(2S)-2-(15N)azanyl-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: (1). This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage. (2). Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment (e.g. under nitrogen), avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
H2O: 11.36 mg/mL (62.36 mM)
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 5.4891 mL | 27.4454 mL | 54.8908 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.0978 mL | 5.4891 mL | 10.9782 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.5489 mL | 2.7445 mL | 5.4891 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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