| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 5mg |
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| 10mg |
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| 25mg |
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| 50mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
The compound targets carnitine biosynthesis pathways. Trimethyllysine is a precursor for carnitine synthesis. It also serves as a precursor for gut flora-dependent formation of N,N,N-trimethyl-5-aminovaleric acid (TMAVA). As a methylated lysine derivative, it is involved in epigenetic regulation through histone methylation.
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| ln Vitro |
TMAVA, a new metabolite produced from Nε,Nε,Nε-trimethyllysine chloride, is part of the gut flora[1].
In vitro, trimethyllysine is used to study carnitine biosynthesis and fatty acid oxidation. It is a substrate for trimethyllysine dioxygenase, the first enzyme in the carnitine biosynthetic pathway. The compound is also used to study gut microbiota metabolism, as it is converted by intestinal flora to TMAVA. It is found in histone proteins and is involved in epigenetic regulation. |
| ln Vivo |
In vivo, trimethyllysine is involved in carnitine biosynthesis, which is essential for fatty acid oxidation and energy metabolism. It is metabolized by gut flora to TMAVA, which has been associated with various physiological effects. The compound is an endogenous metabolite found in mammalian tissues. Deficiency of trimethyllysine may affect carnitine levels and energy metabolism.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro enzyme assays for trimethyllysine dioxygenase involve incubating the enzyme with Nε,Nε,Nε-trimethyllysine chloride, α-ketoglutarate, Fe²⁺, and ascorbate in HEPES buffer at pH 7.4. The reaction product, hydroxytrimethyllysine, is quantified by LC-MS/MS. Kinetic parameters (Km, Vmax) are determined by varying substrate concentrations. For gut microbiota studies, the compound is incubated with fecal samples, and TMAVA production is measured by LC-MS/MS.
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| Cell Assay |
For in vitro cell assays, cells are cultured in medium supplemented with trimethyllysine at concentrations of 0.1-10 mM. Carnitine production is measured by enzymatic assays or LC-MS/MS. Cellular uptake and metabolism of the compound are analyzed by mass spectrometry. The compound's effects on fatty acid oxidation are assessed by measuring oxygen consumption and β-oxidation rates. Epigenetic effects are evaluated by histone methylation analysis.
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| Animal Protocol |
For in vivo animal studies, trimethyllysine is administered to rodents via oral gavage or intravenous injection at doses of 10-100 mg/kg. Blood and tissue samples are collected for pharmacokinetic analysis. Plasma trimethyllysine and carnitine levels are quantified by LC-MS/MS. Gut microbiota metabolism is studied by analyzing TMAVA levels in feces and plasma. Tissue distribution studies are performed to assess carnitine biosynthesis in various organs.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Trimethyllysine chloride is water-soluble due to its ionic nature. It is stable under recommended storage conditions. The compound is absorbed in the intestine and transported to tissues where it is used for carnitine biosynthesis. It is metabolized by trimethyllysine dioxygenase in the liver and kidneys, and by gut microbiota to TMAVA. The chloride salt form enhances aqueous solubility.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
The compound is for research use only. No specific toxicity data are available in the search results. As an endogenous metabolite, it is expected to have low toxicity at physiological concentrations. High doses may affect carnitine levels and fatty acid metabolism. Standard safety precautions should be followed when handling.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Ne,Nε,Nε-Trimethyllysine chloride (CAS# 55528-53-5) is a research reagent used primarily in studies of carnitine biosynthesis, fatty acid oxidation, and gut microbiota metabolism. It has not been investigated in clinical trials nor approved as a therapeutic drug. The compound is also used in epigenetic research due to its role in histone methylation. It is an endogenous metabolite with important physiological functions.
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| Molecular Formula |
C9H21CLN2O2
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
224.73
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| Exact Mass |
224.129
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| CAS # |
55528-53-5
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| PubChem CID |
57350924
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| LogP |
0.442
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
2
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
4
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
6
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| Heavy Atom Count |
14
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| Complexity |
164
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
1
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| SMILES |
C[N+](C)(C)CCCC[C@@H](C(=O)O)N.[Cl-]
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| InChi Key |
ZKIJKCHCMFGMCM-QRPNPIFTSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C9H20N2O2.ClH/c1-11(2,3)7-5-4-6-8(10)9(12)13;/h8H,4-7,10H2,1-3H3;1H/t8-;/m0./s1
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| Chemical Name |
[(5S)-5-amino-5-carboxypentyl]-trimethylazanium;chloride
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
H2O: 250 mg/mL (1112.45 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 4.4498 mL | 22.2489 mL | 44.4978 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.8900 mL | 4.4498 mL | 8.8996 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.4450 mL | 2.2249 mL | 4.4498 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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