| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 5mg |
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| 10mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Human Endogenous Metabolite
N,N'-Diacetylchitobiose targets lysozyme as an inhibitor. It occupies a unique biochemical niche as the minimal structural unit required to induce chitinase production in Vibrio and Serratia species. It is used to differentiate and characterize chitobiose transporter systems and enzymes such as β-N-acetylglucosaminidase(s) and chitobiose phosphorylase(s). |
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro, N,N'-Diacetylchitobiose is a lysozyme inhibitor and the minimal structural unit required to induce chitinase production in Vibrio and Serratia species. It can serve as the sole carbon source for wild-type Escherichia coli. It is used to differentiate and characterize chitobiose transporter systems and enzymes. It is the primary degradation product of chitinase.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, N,N'-Diacetylchitobiose can reverse myocardial inhibition in canine Escherichia coli sepsis. It is a chitin di-sugar and lysozyme inhibitor. The compound is a mouse metabolite, an Escherichia coli metabolite, and a human metabolite. It is used as an alternative source of N-acetylglucosamine by some bacteria.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro enzyme assays for lysozyme inhibition involve incubating the enzyme with N,N'-Diacetylchitobiose (0.1-100 µM) and a fluorescent or chromogenic substrate (e.g., Micrococcus lysodeikticus cell wall) in buffer at pH 6.2-7.0. Lysozyme activity is measured spectrophotometrically by monitoring the decrease in turbidity. Inhibition constants are determined from dose-response curves.
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| Cell Assay |
For in vitro cell assays, bacterial cells (e.g., E. coli, Vibrio species) are cultured in medium supplemented with N,N'-Diacetylchitobiose as the sole carbon source. Bacterial growth is monitored by OD600 measurements. Chitinase production is assessed by measuring enzyme activity in culture supernatants. The compound's effects on bacterial metabolism and gene expression are evaluated.
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| Animal Protocol |
For in vivo animal studies, N,N'-Diacetylchitobiose is administered to dogs via intravenous injection in models of Escherichia coli sepsis. The compound's ability to reverse myocardial inhibition is assessed by measuring cardiac function. Blood and tissue samples are collected for pharmacokinetic analysis. The compound is quantified by HPLC or LC-MS/MS.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
N,N'-Diacetylchitobiose (MW 424.40) has a molecular formula of C16H28N2O11. It is a chitin di-sugar composed of two β(1,4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine units. The compound is stable under standard storage conditions. It is the primary degradation product of chitinase and an inhibitor of lysozyme. It is a human, mouse, and E. coli metabolite.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
The compound is for research use only. No specific toxicity data are available. As an endogenous metabolite, it is expected to have low toxicity at physiological concentrations. Standard safety precautions should be followed.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
N,N'-Diacetylchitobiose is an N,N'-diacetyl derivative of chitobiose, but its terminal carbon atom lacks stereoselectivity. It is found in humans, E. coli, and mice as a metabolite. Its function is related to β-D-glucosyl-(1→4)-D-glucosamine. N,N'-Diacetylchitobiose has been reported to exist in Arabidopsis thaliana, humans, and several other organisms with relevant data.
N,N'-Diacetylchitobiose (CAS# 35061-50-8) is a research reagent used primarily in studies of chitin metabolism, lysozyme inhibition, and bacterial metabolism. It has not been investigated in clinical trials nor approved as a therapeutic drug. The compound is the minimal structural unit required to induce chitinase production and can reverse myocardial inhibition in canine E. coli sepsis. It is used to study chitobiose transporter systems and enzymes. |
| Molecular Formula |
C16H28N2O11
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
424.40
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| Exact Mass |
424.169
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| CAS # |
35061-50-8
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| PubChem CID |
439544
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.5 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
927.7ºC at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
245-247 °C(lit.)
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| Flash Point |
514.8ºC
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| Index of Refraction |
1.604
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| LogP |
-4.7
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
8
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
11
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
6
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| Heavy Atom Count |
29
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| Complexity |
579
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
9
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| SMILES |
CC(=O)N[C@@H]1[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O[C@H]1O[C@@H]2[C@H](OC([C@@H]([C@H]2O)NC(=O)C)O)CO)CO)O)O
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| InChi Key |
CDOJPCSDOXYJJF-CBTAGEKQSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C16H28N2O11/c1-5(21)17-9-13(25)14(8(4-20)27-15(9)26)29-16-10(18-6(2)22)12(24)11(23)7(3-19)28-16/h7-16,19-20,23-26H,3-4H2,1-2H3,(H,17,21)(H,18,22)/t7-,8-,9-,10-,11-,12-,13-,14-,15?,16+/m1/s1
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| Chemical Name |
N-[(3R,4R,5S,6R)-5-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-acetamido-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,4-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]acetamide
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
H2O: 125 mg/mL (294.53 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.3563 mL | 11.7813 mL | 23.5627 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.4713 mL | 2.3563 mL | 4.7125 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2356 mL | 1.1781 mL | 2.3563 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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