| Size | Price | |
|---|---|---|
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Human Endogenous Metabolite
3-Butynoic acid targets acyl CoA dehydrogenase, which it inhibits potently. It is also a substrate for Zn-dependent flavoproteinase D-lactate dehydrogenase. As an alkyne-containing compound, it can participate in copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) with azide-containing molecules. |
|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
In vitro, 3-Butynoic acid acts as a potent inhibitor of acyl CoA dehydrogenase. It is used as a substrate for D-lactate dehydrogenase in studies of lactic acid metabolism. The compound's alkyne group enables its use as a click chemistry reagent for bioconjugation and labeling applications. It also plays a role in the synthesis of functionalized γ-butyrolactones and tetrahydrofurans.
|
| ln Vivo |
In vivo, 3-Butynoic acid is an endogenous metabolite. As an inhibitor of acyl CoA dehydrogenase, it may affect fatty acid oxidation and energy metabolism. Its role as an endogenous metabolite suggests it participates in normal physiological processes. Further studies are needed to fully characterize its in vivo pharmacological activity.
|
| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro enzyme assays for acyl CoA dehydrogenase inhibition involve incubating the enzyme with 3-Butynoic acid (0.1-1000 µM) and acyl-CoA substrate in buffer at pH 7.4-8.0. Enzyme activity is measured spectrophotometrically by monitoring the reduction of electron transfer flavoprotein (ETF) or by using a dye-coupled assay. IC50 values are determined from dose-response curves.
|
| Cell Assay |
For in vitro cell assays, cells are cultured and treated with 3-Butynoic acid at concentrations ranging from 0.1-10 mM. Cell viability is assessed by MTT assay. Fatty acid oxidation is measured by monitoring the oxidation of radiolabeled fatty acids or by measuring oxygen consumption. Lactic acid metabolism is studied by measuring lactate and pyruvate levels. The compound's effects on metabolic pathways are analyzed by targeted metabolomics.
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| Animal Protocol |
For in vivo animal studies, 3-Butynoic acid is typically administered to rodents via oral gavage or intraperitoneal injection at doses of 10-100 mg/kg. Blood and tissue samples are collected for pharmacokinetic analysis. The compound is quantified by LC-MS/MS. Fatty acid oxidation and energy metabolism are assessed by measuring metabolic intermediates and enzyme activities.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
3-Butynoic acid (MW 84.07) has the molecular formula C4H4O2. It is an alkyne-containing carboxylic acid that is soluble in organic solvents. The compound is stable under recommended storage conditions. Its alkyne functional group makes it a valuable click chemistry reagent for bioconjugation. It is an endogenous metabolite and an inhibitor of acyl CoA dehydrogenase.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
The compound is for research use only. No specific toxicity data are available. As an endogenous metabolite, it is expected to have low toxicity at physiological concentrations. However, as an acyl CoA dehydrogenase inhibitor, it may affect fatty acid metabolism at higher doses. Standard laboratory safety precautions should be followed.
|
| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
3-Butynic acid is a monocarboxylic acid consisting of an acetylenic group linked to a carboxylmethyl group. It is both a monocarboxylic acid and a terminal acetylene compound. It is the conjugate acid of 3-butynic acid esters.
3-Butynoic acid (CAS# 2345-51-9) is an endogenous metabolite and a potent inhibitor of acyl CoA dehydrogenase. It has not been investigated in clinical trials nor approved as a therapeutic drug. The compound is used in research on fatty acid metabolism, lactic acid metabolism, and as a click chemistry reagent for bioconjugation. It is also used in organic synthesis. |
| Molecular Formula |
C4H4O2
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
84.07
|
| Exact Mass |
84.021
|
| CAS # |
2345-51-9
|
| PubChem CID |
137547
|
| Appearance |
Off-white to yellow solid powder
|
| Density |
1.2±0.1 g/cm3
|
| Boiling Point |
194.9±23.0 °C at 760 mmHg
|
| Melting Point |
188-195ºC
|
| Flash Point |
82.6±17.3 °C
|
| Vapour Pressure |
0.2±0.8 mmHg at 25°C
|
| Index of Refraction |
1.460
|
| LogP |
0.1
|
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
1
|
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
2
|
| Rotatable Bond Count |
1
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
6
|
| Complexity |
95.4
|
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
|
| SMILES |
C#CCC(O)=O
|
| InChi Key |
KKAHGSQLSTUDAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
|
| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C4H4O2/c1-2-3-4(5)6/h1H,3H2,(H,5,6)
|
| Chemical Name |
but-3-ynoic acid
|
| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
|
| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
|
| Solubility (In Vitro) |
H2O: 100 mg/mL (1189.48 mM)
DMSO: ≥ 100 mg/mL (1189.48 mM) |
|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 11.8948 mL | 59.4742 mL | 118.9485 mL | |
| 5 mM | 2.3790 mL | 11.8948 mL | 23.7897 mL | |
| 10 mM | 1.1895 mL | 5.9474 mL | 11.8948 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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