| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Organic anion transporter (OAT) substrate; serves as a diagnostic agent for measurement of effective renal plasma flow (ERPF).
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| ln Vitro |
Drug compounds have included stable heavy isotopes of carbon, hydrogen, and other elements, mostly as quantitative tracers while the drugs were being developed. Because deuteration may have an effect on a drug's pharmacokinetics and metabolic properties, it is a cause for concern [1].
No specific in vitro assays for the deuterated form are provided. The non-labeled 4-aminohippuric acid is a diagnostic agent used in medical tests involving the kidney. It is a substrate for organic anion transporters (OATs) in the proximal tubule and is used to measure effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) due to its high extraction ratio. |
| ln Vivo |
As a stable isotope-labeled internal standard, in vivo activity is not assessed. The non-labeled 4-aminohippuric acid is administered intravenously and is rapidly cleared from the blood by the kidneys via tubular secretion without being reabsorbed or metabolized. Its clearance rate approximates effective renal plasma flow, making it a valuable diagnostic tool for kidney function assessment.
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| Enzyme Assay |
Receptor binding assays are not applicable. For analytical purposes, standard LC-MS/MS protocols involve preparing calibration curves in plasma or urine using 4-Aminohippuric acid-d4 as an internal standard. Samples are processed by protein precipitation with acetonitrile or methanol, followed by centrifugation. The supernatant is injected onto a C18 column and analyzed by LC-MS/MS with positive or negative ion MRM detection.
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| Cell Assay |
For in vitro transport studies using this labeled compound, cultured renal proximal tubule cells (e.g., OK cells or primary human renal epithelial cells) are seeded in multiwell plates and incubated with 4-Aminohippuric acid-d4 (0.1-100 uM) for 10-60 min at 37degC. Cellular uptake is measured by LC-MS/MS after cell lysis to assess organic anion transporter activity. Transport can be blocked with specific OAT inhibitors.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies using 4-Aminohippuric acid-d4 are typically conducted in rats or dogs for pharmacokinetic and renal clearance studies. The labeled compound is administered intravenously (e.g., 10-50 mg/kg) or via continuous infusion. Serial blood samples and timed urine collections are obtained. Plasma and urine concentrations of the labeled compound are measured by LC-MS/MS to determine renal clearance and extraction ratio.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
As an analytical internal standard, pharmacokinetic properties are not directly assessed for the labeled compound. The non-labeled 4-aminohippuric acid has a short plasma half-life (approximately 10-15 minutes in humans) and is rapidly cleared by the kidneys via tubular secretion. It is not metabolized and is excreted unchanged in urine. Its clearance is used as a measure of effective renal plasma flow.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
No toxicity data are specifically reported for 4-Aminohippuric acid-d4 as it is an analytical standard used at tracer concentrations. The non-labeled 4-aminohippuric acid is a diagnostic agent with an established safety profile when used clinically for renal function testing. Adverse effects are rare but may include nausea, flushing, and rarely allergic reactions.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
4-Aminohippuric acid-d4 is a stable isotope-labeled compound used exclusively for research and bioanalytical applications. It serves as an essential internal standard for the accurate quantification of 4-aminohippuric acid in biological fluids using LC-MS/MS. This compound is particularly valuable for pharmacokinetic studies and for validating methods to measure effective renal plasma flow in preclinical and clinical research settings. It is not a therapeutic agent.
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| Molecular Formula |
C9H6D4N2O3
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
198.21
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| Exact Mass |
194.069
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| CAS # |
1219805-41-0
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| Related CAS # |
4-Aminohippuric acid;61-78-9
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| PubChem CID |
76974000
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| Appearance |
Off-white to light yellow solid powder
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| Density |
1.4±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
517.2±35.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
>246°C
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| Flash Point |
266.6±25.9 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±1.4 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.620
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| LogP |
-0.58
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
3
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
4
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
3
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| Heavy Atom Count |
14
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| Complexity |
222
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
[2H]C1=C(C(=C(C(=C1C(=O)NCC(=O)O)[2H])[2H])N)[2H]
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| InChi Key |
HSMNQINEKMPTIC-RHQRLBAQSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C9H10N2O3/c10-7-3-1-6(2-4-7)9(14)11-5-8(12)13/h1-4H,5,10H2,(H,11,14)(H,12,13)/i1D,2D,3D,4D
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| Chemical Name |
2-[(4-amino-2,3,5,6-tetradeuteriobenzoyl)amino]acetic acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 5.0452 mL | 25.2258 mL | 50.4515 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.0090 mL | 5.0452 mL | 10.0903 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.5045 mL | 2.5226 mL | 5.0452 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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