| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 10mg |
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| Targets |
L-Threonine-13C4,15N does not have a specific pharmacological receptor target. As a stable isotope-labeled compound, it is used as a tracer in metabolic studies. L-Threonine itself is a proteinogenic amino acid involved in protein synthesis and various metabolic pathways. The 13C and 15N labeling allows for the tracking of carbon and nitrogen atoms through metabolic pathways.
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| ln Vitro |
Drug compounds have included stable heavy isotopes of carbon, hydrogen, and other elements, mostly as quantitative tracers while the drugs were being developed. Because deuteration may have an effect on a drug's pharmacokinetics and metabolic properties, it is a cause for concern [1].
In vitro, L-Threonine-13C4,15N is not used for biological activity assays. Its primary utility is as a tracer in metabolic studies to track the incorporation of threonine into proteins and other metabolites. Cells are cultured in media containing the labeled threonine, and the incorporation of 13C and 15N into proteins and metabolites is analyzed using mass spectrometry. |
| ln Vivo |
In vivo, L-Threonine-13C4,15N is used as a metabolic tracer to study protein synthesis, amino acid metabolism, and nitrogen flux. By administering the labeled compound and measuring the incorporation of 13C and 15N into proteins and metabolites using mass spectrometry, researchers can map metabolic pathways. It is used in systems biology, nutritional research, and isotopic labeling experiments.
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| Enzyme Assay |
For non-cell-based assays, L-Threonine-13C4,15N is used as an analytical standard. Its identity and purity are confirmed using techniques such as NMR and mass spectrometry. The compound is typically supplied with 98 atom% 13C and 98 atom% 15N enrichment. It is not used in receptor binding assays. Its role is to serve as a quantitative tracer in metabolic studies.
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| Cell Assay |
For in vitro cellular assays, cells are cultured in media containing L-Threonine-13C4,15N instead of unlabeled threonine. The cells incorporate the labeled amino acid into proteins and other metabolites. After a defined incubation period, cells are harvested, and proteins or metabolites are extracted. The incorporation of 13C and 15N is analyzed using mass spectrometry to determine protein synthesis rates and metabolic fluxes.
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| Animal Protocol |
For in vivo animal studies, L-Threonine-13C4,15N can be administered to rodents via oral gavage or intraperitoneal injection. Blood or tissue samples are collected at various time points post-administration. The samples are processed and analyzed by mass spectrometry to track the distribution and metabolism of the labeled threonine. This allows for the study of protein synthesis and amino acid metabolism in vivo.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
L-Threonine-13C4,15N has a molecular weight of 124.08 and a molecular formula of 13C4H9^{15}NO3. It has a purity of 98 atom% 13C and 98 atom% 15N. The compound is soluble in water and should be stored according to the manufacturer's recommendations. It is for research use only and is not intended for human consumption.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
The toxicity profile of L-Threonine-13C4,15N is not applicable, as it is used as a metabolic tracer at very low concentrations. The 13C and 15N labeling is not expected to introduce new toxicities, as these are stable, non-radioactive isotopes. The compound is not intended for human consumption. Standard safety precautions should be observed when handling the compound.
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| References |
[1]. Russak EM, et al. Impact of Deuterium Substitution on the Pharmacokinetics of Pharmaceuticals. Ann Pharmacother. 2019;53(2):211-216.
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| Additional Infomation |
L-Threonine-13C4,15N (CAS 202468-39-1) is the isotopically labeled version of L-Threonine, featuring four 13C markers and one 15N marker. L-Threonine is a naturally occurring amino acid utilized in food, pharmaceutical, and feed applications. The labeled compound is ideal for applications in systems biology, nutritional research, and isotopic labeling experiments. It is available for research purposes only.
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| Molecular Formula |
C4H9NO3
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
124.0832
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| Exact Mass |
124.068
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| CAS # |
202468-39-1
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| Related CAS # |
L-Threonine;72-19-5
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| PubChem CID |
16217559
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| LogP |
-2.9
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
3
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
4
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
2
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| Heavy Atom Count |
8
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| Complexity |
93.3
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
2
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| SMILES |
[13CH3][13C@H]([13C@@H]([13C](=O)O)[15NH2])O
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| InChi Key |
AYFVYJQAPQTCCC-KJQIOZMZSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C4H9NO3/c1-2(6)3(5)4(7)8/h2-3,6H,5H2,1H3,(H,7,8)/t2-,3+/m1/s1/i1+1,2+1,3+1,4+1,5+1
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| Chemical Name |
(2S,3R)-2-(15N)azanyl-3-hydroxy(1,2,3,4-13C4)butanoic acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 8.0593 mL | 40.2966 mL | 80.5932 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.6119 mL | 8.0593 mL | 16.1186 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.8059 mL | 4.0297 mL | 8.0593 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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