| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 50mg |
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| 100mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
NMDA Receptor
CAS# 20110-59-2. As a stable isotope-labeled amino acid, Glycine-1-13C is not typically used in receptor binding assays. However, the parent compound glycine has well‑defined targets: it is an inhibitory neurotransmitter acting on strychnine‑sensitive glycine receptors (GlyRs) in the spinal cord and brainstem, and a mandatory co‑agonist (along with glutamate) at the NMDA receptor's glycine‑binding site on the GluN1 subunit. Glycine also acts on glycine transporters (GlyT1, GlyT2) and is a substrate for alanine‑glyoxylate transaminase and other enzymes. The ¹3C label does not alter these interactions. |
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| ln Vitro |
Drug compounds have included stable heavy isotopes of carbon, hydrogen, and other elements, mostly as quantitative tracers while the drugs were being developed. Because deuteration may have an effect on a drug's pharmacokinetics and metabolic properties, it is a cause for concern [1].
Not applicable. Glycine-1-13C itself is not used to measure pharmacological activity. It is employed as an analytical standard and metabolic tracer. In metabolic studies, the compound is added to biological samples as an internal standard (50-200 ng/mL) to correct for variability in sample processing and instrument performance. It can also be administered to animals or cells as a tracer to quantify glycine turnover, synthesis, and utilization via the glycine cleavage system, serine hydroxymethyltransferase, and transmethylation pathways. |
| ln Vivo |
Glycine-1-13C is not used in in vivo activity assays because it is an inert labeled standard. It does not have intrinsic pharmacological activity beyond that of unlabeled glycine. In pharmacokinetic studies, the compound is used as an internal standard to quantify unlabeled glycine or glycine‑containing drugs. When administered as a tracer, it is used to study the metabolic flux of glycine, including its conversion to serine, creatinine, and glutathione, and its incorporation into proteins. The label allows precise tracking by mass spectrometry.
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| Enzyme Assay |
For analytical method development, Glycine-1-13C is used as an internal standard. A stock solution is prepared in water or 0.1% formic acid at 1 mg/mL. Calibration standards are prepared by spiking blank biological matrix (e.g., plasma, urine, CSF) with known concentrations of unlabeled glycine (0.1-1000 ng/mL) and a fixed concentration of Glycine-1-13C (50-100 ng/mL). For LC‑MS/MS, proteins are precipitated with 3‑5 volumes of acetonitrile containing the internal standard. After centrifugation, the supernatant is diluted with mobile phase (0.1% formic acid in water/acetonitrile). Analysis is performed in MRM mode, monitoring transitions m/z 76.05 → 30.00 for unlabeled glycine and m/z 77.05 → 31.00 for Glycine-1-13C. The peak area ratio (analyte/IS) is plotted against the nominal concentration to generate a calibration curve. For GC‑MS, glycine and its labeled standard are derivatized (e.g., with MTBSTFA or MSTFA) before analysis.
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| Cell Assay |
For cellular metabolic labeling experiments, cells (e.g., hepatocytes, neurons, or cancer cells) are cultured in medium containing Glycine-1-13C (5-100 uM) for 2-48 hours. The labeled glycine is taken up via glycine transporters (GlyT1) and incorporated into proteins and metabolites. Cells are harvested, lysed, and proteins are hydrolyzed. Alternatively, metabolites are extracted with cold methanol/water. The resulting amino acids and other metabolites are derivatized (e.g., with dansyl chloride, AccQ‑Tag, or MSTFA) and analyzed by LC‑MS/MS or GC‑MS. The ¹3C label allows precise quantification of metabolic flux, including the contribution of glycine to one‑carbon metabolism (via the glycine cleavage system), the synthesis of serine, and the formation of glutathione and creatine. It can also be used to study the exchange between glycine and serine via serine hydroxymethyltransferase. No functional activity assays are performed with the labeled compound.
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| Animal Protocol |
Glycine-1-13C is used in ADME and metabolic flux studies. Animals (e.g., male C57BL/6 mice, 20-30 g; or Sprague‑Dawley rats, 200-300 g) are administered a tracer dose of Glycine-1-13C (0.1-10 mg/kg) via oral gavage, intravenous, or intraperitoneal injection, either alone or in combination with unlabeled glycine or a drug. Blood is collected at predetermined time points (0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24 h), and plasma is separated. Tissues (liver, kidney, brain, muscle) are collected at termination. Samples are processed as described under "Cell‑Free Protocol," and the concentration of unlabeled glycine or the isotope enrichment of glycine is measured by LC‑MS/MS. Pharmacokinetic parameters of glycine (Cmax, Tmax, AUC, t½, clearance, Vd) or metabolic flux parameters (fractional synthesis rates, turnover) are calculated. In studies of one‑carbon metabolism, the incorporation of the ¹3C label into serine, methionine, and formate is also quantified.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Glycine-1-13C (MW 76.06, formula C¹3CH₅NO2) is a stable isotope-labeled compound with 99 atom% ¹3C enrichment at the carboxyl carbon. It has the same chemical and physical properties as unlabeled glycine (pKa1 ~2.3, pKa2 ~9.6, water‑soluble). The compound is not metabolically altered by the presence of the ¹3C label, and its pharmacokinetics are identical to unlabeled glycine. Glycine is an endogenous amino acid that is absorbed from the gut, distributed throughout the body, and metabolized in the liver and kidneys via the glycine cleavage system (GCS) and serine hydroxymethyltransferase (SHMT). Its plasma half‑life in humans is approximately 0.5-1 hour. It is excreted in urine unchanged or as metabolites (e.g., hippurate).
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Glycine-1-13C is chemically stable and non‑toxic at the concentrations used as an internal standard (ng/mL levels) or as a tracer (mg/kg levels). Unlabeled glycine is an endogenous amino acid with a well‑established safety profile; dietary intake is 1-2 g/day. Very high doses (>50 g/day) may cause gastrointestinal distress and neurological effects (e.g., sedation). Such doses are not used in research with the labeled compound. Glycine-1-13C has no known acute or chronic toxicity at tracer doses. No genotoxicity or carcinogenicity data are specifically available for the labeled compound. Standard laboratory safety precautions for handling organic solvents and chemicals should be followed.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Glycine-1-13C (CAS 20110-59-2) is a stable isotope-labeled amino acid where the carboxyl carbon (C-1) is enriched with 99 atom% ¹3C. It is used as an internal standard for quantitative LC‑MS/MS or GC‑MS analysis of glycine in biological samples, supporting pharmacokinetic, metabolomic, and metabolic flux studies. Glycine is an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the CNS and a co‑agonist at NMDA receptors. The labeled analog has no approved therapeutic use and is strictly for research applications.
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| Molecular Formula |
C13CH5NO2
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
76.06
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| Exact Mass |
76.035
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| CAS # |
20110-59-2
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| Related CAS # |
Glycine;56-40-6
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| PubChem CID |
167874
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.254g/cm3
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| Melting Point |
240ºC (dec.)(lit.)
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| Index of Refraction |
1.46
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| LogP |
-3.2
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
2
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
3
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
1
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| Heavy Atom Count |
5
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| Complexity |
42.9
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
C([13C](=O)O)N
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| InChi Key |
DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-VQEHIDDOSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C2H5NO2/c3-1-2(4)5/h1,3H2,(H,4,5)/i2+1
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| Chemical Name |
2-aminoacetic acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment (e.g. under nitrogen), avoid exposure to moisture and light. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 13.1475 mL | 65.7376 mL | 131.4752 mL | |
| 5 mM | 2.6295 mL | 13.1475 mL | 26.2950 mL | |
| 10 mM | 1.3148 mL | 6.5738 mL | 13.1475 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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