| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 1mg |
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| 5mg |
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| 10mg |
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| 25mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
α,β-Trehalose does not have a defined primary drug target as it is a naturally occurring disaccharide and biochemical reagent rather than a therapeutic agent. However, trehalose and its derivatives have been studied for various biological activities including protein stabilization, cellular protection against stress, and potential therapeutic applications in neurodegenerative diseases. Trehalose is known for its ability to stabilize proteins and membranes, and has been investigated as a potential treatment for conditions such as Huntington's disease and other protein aggregation disorders. The compound's mechanism involves stabilization of protein conformations and induction of autophagy.
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro studies have demonstrated that α,β-trehalose exhibits protein-stabilizing and cryoprotective properties. The compound's unique chemical structure makes it extremely stable, resistant to acid hydrolysis, and not prone to Maillard reactions. In cell-based assays, trehalose has been shown to protect cells against various stresses including heat shock, osmotic stress, and oxidative stress. The compound has also been studied for its ability to induce autophagy and reduce protein aggregation in cellular models of neurodegenerative diseases. Its activity is concentration-dependent and related to its ability to interact with proteins and membranes.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo studies have investigated trehalose for its potential therapeutic applications in neurodegenerative diseases. Trehalose has been shown to reduce protein aggregation and improve motor function in animal models of Huntington's disease and other polyglutamine disorders. The compound's ability to induce autophagy and stabilize proteins contributes to its neuroprotective effects. However, comprehensive in vivo studies for α,β-trehalose specifically are limited, as most research has focused on the more common α,α-trehalose isomer. The compound is not approved for therapeutic use.
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| Enzyme Assay |
Cell-free biochemical assays for α,β-trehalose typically measure its protein-stabilizing or enzyme-inhibitory properties. A standard protocol for studying protein stabilization involves incubating a model protein (e.g., lysozyme or luciferase) with varying concentrations of trehalose (0.1-100 mM) under denaturing conditions (e.g., heat, chemical denaturants), and measuring protein activity or aggregation by spectrophotometry, fluorescence, or light scattering. For enzyme inhibition studies, trehalose may be tested as a potential inhibitor of trehalase or other carbohydrate-metabolizing enzymes. Assays are performed in triplicate with appropriate controls.
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| Cell Assay |
Cellular assays for α,β-trehalose typically use cell lines to assess cytoprotective or autophagy-inducing effects. A standard protocol involves culturing cells (e.g., neuronal cell lines, fibroblasts) in appropriate media, treating with trehalose at concentrations ranging from 1-100 mM for 24-72 hours, and subjecting cells to stress conditions (e.g., heat shock, oxidative stress, osmotic stress). Cell viability is assessed by MTT or other assays. Autophagy induction is measured by LC3-II levels, autophagosome formation, or other autophagy markers. Protein aggregation is assessed in models of neurodegenerative diseases.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo studies with α,β-trehalose are limited, as the compound is primarily a research tool. If conducted, a typical protocol might involve administration of trehalose to rodents by oral gavage or intraperitoneal injection, followed by assessment of its effects on disease models. For neurodegenerative disease models, trehalose may be administered prophylactically or therapeutically, and disease progression is monitored by behavioral tests and biochemical analysis of protein aggregation in brain tissue. However, comprehensive in vivo studies are limited.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic data for trehalose is available from studies on the more common α,α-trehalose isomer. The molecular weight is 342.30 g/mol. Trehalose is not significantly metabolized in mammals due to the lack of trehalase enzymes in most tissues. It is primarily excreted unchanged in the urine. The compound has limited oral bioavailability due to intestinal trehalase activity. For α,β-trehalose, similar properties would be expected. The compound is not for human or veterinary use.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicological data for trehalose indicates that it is generally safe at typical exposure levels. The compound is a naturally occurring disaccharide found in various organisms. As with all biochemical reagents, standard laboratory safety precautions should be observed when handling this compound. The compound is not for human or veterinary use. For potential therapeutic applications, comprehensive toxicological evaluation would be required.
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| Additional Infomation |
α,β-trehalose is a type of trehalose in which one glucose residue has an α-configuration at its terminal carbon, while the other glucose residue has a β-configuration at its terminal carbon. It is both a trehalose and an α-D-glucoside and a β-D-glucoside. α,β-trehalose has been reported in the sulfur bacterium Laetiporus sulphureus, and relevant data are available for reference.
α,β-Trehalose is a research compound and naturally occurring disaccharide rather than an approved pharmaceutical agent. No clinical trials or regulatory approvals exist for therapeutic use of this compound. It is commercially available from various chemical suppliers for research purposes only. The compound's primary value lies in its utility as a biochemical reagent for studying carbohydrate chemistry, protein stabilization, and cellular stress responses. α,β-Trehalose is one of the three stereoisomers of trehalose, alongside α,α-trehalose and β,β-trehalose. Its unique α,β-1,1-glycosidic bond contributes to its stability and resistance to hydrolysis. It has been found in certain organisms including C. cucullus. |
| Molecular Formula |
C12H22O11
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
342.30
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| Exact Mass |
342.116
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| CAS # |
585-91-1
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| PubChem CID |
10871590
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.768g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
675.384ºC at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
149 °C
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| Flash Point |
362.259ºC
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| Index of Refraction |
1.652
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| LogP |
-4.2
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
8
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
11
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
4
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| Heavy Atom Count |
23
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| Complexity |
348
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
10
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| SMILES |
C([C@@H]1[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](O1)O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O2)CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)O
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| InChi Key |
HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-BTLHAWITSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C12H22O11/c13-1-3-5(15)7(17)9(19)11(21-3)23-12-10(20)8(18)6(16)4(2-14)22-12/h3-20H,1-2H2/t3-,4-,5-,6-,7+,8+,9-,10-,11-,12+/m1/s1
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| Chemical Name |
(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxane-3,4,5-triol
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.9214 mL | 14.6071 mL | 29.2141 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.5843 mL | 2.9214 mL | 5.8428 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2921 mL | 1.4607 mL | 2.9214 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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