| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 25g |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
DL-Homoserine is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of essential amino acids such as methionine, threonine, and isoleucine. It acts as an intermediate in these biosynthetic pathways, where it undergoes enzymatic transformations. The compound's mechanism of action involves its participation in metabolic pathways, serving as a substrate for enzymes such as homoserine dehydrogenase and homoserine kinase. While DL-Homoserine itself does not have a defined drug target, it is a key metabolite in amino acid biosynthesis and is studied for its role in various metabolic pathways.
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| ln Vitro |
DL-homoserine
In vitro studies have demonstrated that DL-Homoserine participates in enzymatic transformations as an intermediate in amino acid biosynthesis. The compound's β-hydroxy group influences its interaction with enzymes and substrates. In cell-based assays, DL-Homoserine can be used to study metabolic pathways and enzyme kinetics. The compound's role in the biosynthesis of essential amino acids makes it a valuable tool for understanding cellular metabolism and for developing metabolic engineering strategies. |
| ln Vivo |
In vivo activity data for DL-Homoserine is derived from its role as a metabolic intermediate in amino acid biosynthesis. The compound is naturally occurring and participates in metabolic pathways in vivo. Studies have investigated its role in the biosynthesis of essential amino acids such as methionine, threonine, and isoleucine. The compound's involvement in these pathways has implications for understanding metabolic disorders and for developing therapies targeting amino acid metabolism. Comprehensive pharmacological studies are limited.
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| Enzyme Assay |
Cell-free biochemical assays for DL-Homoserine typically measure its role as a substrate or product in enzymatic reactions. A standard protocol for studying homoserine dehydrogenase activity involves incubating the enzyme with DL-homoserine (or its derivatives), NAD(P)H, and appropriate cofactors in assay buffer at 37°C. Enzyme activity is measured by monitoring NAD(P)H consumption or production at 340 nm spectrophotometrically. For homoserine kinase assays, ATP consumption or ADP production is measured. Kinetic parameters (Km, Vmax) are determined from substrate concentration curves. Assays are performed in triplicate with appropriate controls.
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| Cell Assay |
Cell-based assays for DL-Homoserine typically use microbial or mammalian cell cultures to study amino acid metabolism. A standard protocol involves culturing cells in defined media, treating with varying concentrations of DL-homoserine (0.1-10 mM) for 24-72 hours, and measuring metabolic effects. Amino acid levels in culture supernatants or cell lysates are analyzed by HPLC or LC-MS. Enzyme activities in cell lysates are measured using spectrophotometric assays. Cell viability is assessed to confirm that observed effects are not due to cytotoxicity. The compound's water solubility supports its use in these assays.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo studies with DL-Homoserine are limited, as the compound is a naturally occurring metabolite rather than a therapeutic agent. Studies have investigated its role in metabolic pathways in animal models, particularly in the context of amino acid biosynthesis and metabolism. The compound may be administered to rodents to study its effects on amino acid levels and metabolic flux. However, comprehensive in vivo efficacy studies are not available, as DL-Homoserine is not intended as a drug.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic data for DL-Homoserine is limited, as the compound is a naturally occurring amino acid derivative rather than a drug. The molecular weight is 119.12 g/mol. The compound is water-soluble. As a natural metabolite, DL-Homoserine is handled by normal physiological pathways for amino acid metabolism. It can be absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and distributed to tissues, where it participates in metabolic pathways. The compound is metabolized through the homoserine biosynthetic and degradation pathways.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicological data for DL-Homoserine indicates that it is a naturally occurring compound and is generally considered safe at physiological concentrations. As a non-essential amino acid derivative, it is not known to have significant toxicity. Standard laboratory safety precautions should be observed when handling the compound in research settings. The compound's safety profile is consistent with other amino acids and amino acid derivatives.
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| Additional Infomation |
Homoserine is an α-amino acid derived from glycine by substituting the α-position with a 2-hydroxyethyl group. It is a metabolite and the conjugate acid of homoserine. DL-homoserine has been reported in Drosophila melanogaster, Mycoplasma gallisepticum, and other organisms with relevant data. See also: D-homoserine (note moved here).
DL-Homoserine is a naturally occurring amino acid derivative and research compound rather than an approved pharmaceutical agent. No clinical trials or regulatory approvals exist for therapeutic use of this compound. It is commercially available from various chemical suppliers for research purposes only. The compound's primary value lies in its utility as a biochemical reagent for studying amino acid metabolism and as a precursor for the synthesis of other compounds. DL-Homoserine is pivotal in the biosynthesis of threonine and methionine and is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of essential amino acids such as methionine, threonine, and isoleucine. It is studied for its role in various metabolic pathways. |
| Molecular Formula |
C4H9NO3
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
119.12
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| Exact Mass |
119.058
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| CAS # |
1927-25-9
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| PubChem CID |
779
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.3±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
368.7±32.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
188-189 °C
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| Flash Point |
176.8±25.1 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±1.9 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.511
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| LogP |
-1.13
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
3
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
4
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
3
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| Heavy Atom Count |
8
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| Complexity |
83.4
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
O([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(C(=O)O[H])N([H])[H]
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| InChi Key |
UKAUYVFTDYCKQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C4H9NO3/c5-3(1-2-6)4(7)8/h3,6H,1-2,5H2,(H,7,8)
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| Chemical Name |
2-amino-4-hydroxybutanoic acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 8.3949 mL | 41.9745 mL | 83.9490 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.6790 mL | 8.3949 mL | 16.7898 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.8395 mL | 4.1974 mL | 8.3949 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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