| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 25g |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Ethyl 2-chloropyrimidine-5-carboxylate is used in the synthesis of retinoid X receptor (RXR) agonists, which are being developed for the treatment of cancers. RXR is a nuclear receptor that forms heterodimers with other nuclear receptors (such as RAR, PPAR, and LXR) and regulates gene expression involved in cell differentiation, proliferation, and metabolism. RXR agonists have shown potential as anticancer agents by modulating gene expression programs. The compound's pyrimidine core and chloro substituent provide a scaffold for building RXR-binding molecules. The compound itself is a synthetic intermediate rather than a direct RXR-targeting agent.
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| ln Vitro |
As a synthetic intermediate, Ethyl 2-chloropyrimidine-5-carboxylate is not typically evaluated for direct in vitro biological activity against specific molecular targets. The compound serves as a precursor for RXR agonists and other biologically active molecules rather than possessing intrinsic pharmacological activity. Its primary applications are in organic synthesis as a building block for drug discovery. Any biological activity observed would be incidental and not the intended purpose of the compound.
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| ln Vivo |
The compound itself is not typically evaluated for in vivo activity as it is a synthetic intermediate. RXR agonists synthesized from Ethyl 2-chloropyrimidine-5-carboxylate have been studied in animal models of cancer, showing potential antitumor efficacy. The in vivo pharmacological profile of the final drug molecules depends on the specific functional groups and overall structure introduced during subsequent synthetic steps. The compound's utility lies in its role as a building block for anticancer drug discovery.
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| Enzyme Assay |
Cell-free biochemical assays involving Ethyl 2-chloropyrimidine-5-carboxylate typically focus on its use as a synthetic reagent. In organic synthesis, the compound can be used as a building block for the preparation of various pyrimidine derivatives. A standard protocol for nucleophilic aromatic substitution involves treating the compound with amines or other nucleophiles in the presence of a base (e.g., K₂CO₃ or DIPEA) in an appropriate solvent such as DMF or acetonitrile at elevated temperature. The chloro group at the 2-position is displaceable by nucleophiles, enabling diverse functionalization. Reactions are monitored by TLC and products are characterized by NMR and mass spectrometry.
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| Cell Assay |
Cell-based assays are not typically performed with Ethyl 2-chloropyrimidine-5-carboxylate as the compound is a chemical reagent. For RXR agonists synthesized from this intermediate, standard cell-based protocols would apply. A typical protocol involves culturing cancer cell lines in 96-well plates, treating with varying concentrations of the RXR agonist for 24-72 hours, and assessing cell proliferation by MTT or CellTiter-Glo assays. RXR activation can be confirmed using reporter gene assays with RXR-responsive elements. The intermediate itself may be used as a control.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo studies are not typically conducted with Ethyl 2-chloropyrimidine-5-carboxylate itself. For RXR agonists synthesized using this intermediate, standard in vivo efficacy studies involve mouse xenograft models of cancer. A typical protocol includes subcutaneous implantation of tumor cells in immunocompromised mice, followed by oral or intraperitoneal administration of the test compound at various doses daily for 2-4 weeks. Tumor volume is measured with calipers twice weekly. The ester group may be hydrolyzed in vivo to the corresponding acid.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
As a chemical reagent rather than a drug, comprehensive pharmacokinetic data for Ethyl 2-chloropyrimidine-5-carboxylate is not available. The compound's molecular weight is 186.60 g/mol. The ethyl ester is likely to be hydrolyzed by esterases in vivo. For drug molecules synthesized from this intermediate, ADME properties depend on the final structure. The pyrimidine core generally confers favorable physicochemical properties for drug development.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicological data specific to Ethyl 2-chloropyrimidine-5-carboxylate is limited. As with all halogenated heterocycles and chemical reagents, standard laboratory safety precautions should be observed when handling this compound. The compound may cause irritation upon skin or eye contact. For drug candidates synthesized using this intermediate, comprehensive toxicological evaluation is required as part of the drug development process. The compound should be stored under recommended conditions.
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| Additional Infomation |
Ethyl 2-chloropyrimidine-5-carboxylate is a research chemical and synthetic intermediate rather than an approved pharmaceutical agent. No clinical trials or regulatory approvals exist for this compound itself. It is commercially available from various chemical suppliers for research purposes only. The compound's primary value lies in its utility as a building block for the synthesis of retinoid X receptor (RXR) agonists for cancer treatment. The pyrimidine core and chloro substituent enable diverse functionalization for medicinal chemistry. RXR agonists are being investigated as potential anticancer therapies.
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| Molecular Formula |
C7H7CLN2O2
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
186.60
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| Exact Mass |
186.019
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| CAS # |
89793-12-4
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| PubChem CID |
10487815
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| Appearance |
White to yellow solid powder
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| Density |
1.3±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
314.2±15.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
52-60℃
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| Flash Point |
143.8±20.4 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±0.7 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.527
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| LogP |
1.41
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
0
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
4
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
3
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| Heavy Atom Count |
12
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| Complexity |
158
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
O=C(C1C=NC(Cl)=NC=1)OCC
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| InChi Key |
IEMKQRSOAOPKRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C7H7ClN2O2/c1-2-12-6(11)5-3-9-7(8)10-4-5/h3-4H,2H2,1H3
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| Chemical Name |
ethyl 2-chloropyrimidine-5-carboxylate
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 5.3591 mL | 26.7953 mL | 53.5906 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.0718 mL | 5.3591 mL | 10.7181 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.5359 mL | 2.6795 mL | 5.3591 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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