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2,5-Dibromothiazole

2,5-Dibromothiazole is a biochemical compound that may be utilized as a biomaterial or organic/chemical reagent in biomedical research.
2,5-Dibromothiazole
2,5-Dibromothiazole Chemical Structure CAS No.: 4175-78-4
Product category: Biochemical Assay Reagents
This product is for research use only, not for human use. We do not sell to patients.
Size Price Stock Qty
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50g
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Product Description
2,5-Dibromothiazole is a biochemical compound that may be utilized as a biomaterial or organic/chemical reagent in biomedical research.
2,5-Dibromothiazole (CAS#: 4175-78-4) is a heterocyclic compound with the molecular formula C3HBr2NS and a molecular weight of 242.92 g/mol. It is a key intermediate in organic synthesis and is used in the preparation of arylthiazolylpiperidine derivatives and analogs for use as survival motor neuron (SMN) protein production modulators. The compound inhibits bacterial growth by binding to the cell wall and preventing the synthesis of proteins required for cell division. It can also be used as a solvent for organic reactions and may be used for the production of pharmaceuticals. The compound is a high-purity biochemical reagent suitable for use as a biomaterial for life science related research and as a sulfonylation reagent for organic synthesis and drug discovery. It is a heterocyclic compound and a key intermediate in organic synthesis.
Biological Activity I Assay Protocols (From Reference)
Targets
2,5-Dibromothiazole inhibits bacterial growth by binding to the cell wall and preventing the synthesis of proteins required for cell division. This suggests that the compound may target bacterial cell wall synthesis or protein synthesis machinery. The compound is also used in the preparation of arylthiazolylpiperidine derivatives and analogs for use as survival motor neuron (SMN) protein production modulators. SMN protein is essential for the survival of motor neurons, and its deficiency causes spinal muscular atrophy. Modulators of SMN protein production are being investigated for the treatment of spinal muscular atrophy. The compound's thiazole ring and bromine substituents provide reactive sites for further functionalization, enabling the synthesis of derivatives with potential biological activity.
ln Vitro
In vitro, 2,5-dibromothiazole is a key intermediate in organic synthesis. It is used in the preparation of arylthiazolylpiperidine derivatives and analogs for use as SMN protein production modulators. The compound inhibits bacterial growth by binding to the cell wall and preventing the synthesis of proteins required for cell division. It is a high-purity biochemical reagent suitable for use as a biomaterial for life science related research and as a sulfonylation reagent for organic synthesis and drug discovery. In medicinal chemistry, it serves as a versatile building block for constructing biologically active molecules. Its dual bromine substitution allows for selective functionalization through cross-coupling reactions. In organic synthesis, it is used as a building block for creating complex molecules efficiently.
ln Vivo
In vivo activity is mediated through the derivatives of 2,5-dibromothiazole rather than the parent compound itself. For example, arylthiazolylpiperidine derivatives and analogs for use as SMN protein production modulators are evaluated in animal models of spinal muscular atrophy. The compound's antibacterial activity suggests potential for in vivo evaluation in animal models of bacterial infection, but specific studies on the parent compound are limited. The parent compound itself is not typically administered in vivo.
Enzyme Assay
Cell-free assays involving 2,5-dibromothiazole are focused on its use as a chemical reagent. Standard cross-coupling protocols involve mixing the compound with a coupling partner, a palladium catalyst, a base, and a solvent under inert atmosphere. The reaction progress is monitored by TLC or HPLC. For the preparation of arylthiazolylpiperidine derivatives, the compound is used as a starting material in multi-step synthetic routes. The compound's reactivity can be studied using various analytical techniques, including NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. Its use as a solvent for organic reactions is also documented.
Cell Assay
Cellular assays are not commonly performed with 2,5-dibromothiazole itself, as it is a chemical intermediate rather than a bioactive compound. However, its derivatives, such as arylthiazolylpiperidine derivatives, may be evaluated in cell-based systems for SMN protein production modulation. The compound's antibacterial activity may be evaluated in bacterial cultures. The compound itself is not used as a test article in mammalian cell-based experiments due to its primary role as a synthetic building block.
Animal Protocol
Animal studies are not typically conducted with the parent compound 2,5-dibromothiazole. Its derivatives, such as arylthiazolylpiperidine derivatives for SMN protein production modulation, are evaluated in animal models of spinal muscular atrophy. The compound's antibacterial activity suggests potential for in vivo evaluation in animal models of bacterial infection, but specific studies on the parent compound are limited. The parent compound is not administered to animals.
ADME/Pharmacokinetics
Pharmacokinetic data for 2,5-dibromothiazole are not available. As a small polar molecule with a molecular weight of 242.92 g/mol, it is expected to have moderate bioavailability if administered, but it is not intended for therapeutic use. Comprehensive pharmacokinetic studies have not been performed, as the compound is not intended for systemic administration. For research purposes, the compound is typically handled as a neat chemical and not administered to living organisms for pharmacokinetic profiling.
Toxicity/Toxicokinetics
Toxicological data for 2,5-dibromothiazole are limited. Standard safety precautions for handling halogenated heterocycles apply, including the use of personal protective equipment such as gloves and safety goggles. The compound should be handled in a well-ventilated area, and contact with skin and eyes should be avoided. In case of exposure, affected areas should be rinsed thoroughly with water. The compound is not classified as a carcinogen or mutagen based on available data, but comprehensive toxicological evaluation has not been performed. As with all research chemicals, it should be handled with care and used only in accordance with safety guidelines.
Additional Infomation
2,5-Dibromothiazole is a research chemical, not an approved drug. It has no clinical trial or marketing approval status for therapeutic use. The compound is a key intermediate in organic synthesis and is used in the preparation of arylthiazolylpiperidine derivatives and analogs for use as SMN protein production modulators. The compound inhibits bacterial growth by binding to the cell wall and preventing the synthesis of proteins required for cell division. It can also be used as a solvent for organic reactions and may be used for the production of pharmaceuticals. It is a high-purity biochemical reagent suitable for use as a biomaterial for life science related research and as a sulfonylation reagent for organic synthesis and drug discovery. It should be stored in a cool, dry place.
These protocols are for reference only. InvivoChem does not independently validate these methods.
Physicochemical Properties
Molecular Formula
C3HBR2NS
Molecular Weight
242.92
Exact Mass
240.819
CAS #
4175-78-4
PubChem CID
312394
Appearance
Off-white to yellow solid powder
Density
2.3±0.1 g/cm3
Boiling Point
242.8±13.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Melting Point
45-49 °C(lit.)
Flash Point
100.6±19.8 °C
Vapour Pressure
0.1±0.5 mmHg at 25°C
Index of Refraction
1.650
LogP
2.7
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count
0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count
2
Rotatable Bond Count
0
Heavy Atom Count
7
Complexity
70
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count
0
SMILES
BrC1=CN=C(S1)Br
InChi Key
XIBIQFJKUZZLLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChi Code
InChI=1S/C3HBr2NS/c4-2-1-6-3(5)7-2/h1H
Chemical Name
2,5-dibromo-1,3-thiazole
HS Tariff Code
2934.99.9001
Storage

Powder      -20°C    3 years

                     4°C     2 years

In solvent   -80°C    6 months

                  -20°C    1 month

Shipping Condition
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
Solubility Data
Solubility (In Vitro)
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
Solubility (In Vivo)
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.

Injection Formulations
(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC)
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80: Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution 50 μL Tween 80 850 μL Saline)
*Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution.
Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO 400 μLPEG300 50 μL Tween 80 450 μL Saline)
Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO 900 μL Corn oil)
Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals).
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Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)]
*Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C,1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution.
Injection Formulation 5: 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin : Saline = 50 : 50 (i.e. 500 μL 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin 500 μL Saline)
Injection Formulation 6: DMSO : PEG300 : castor oil : Saline = 5 : 10 : 20 : 65 (i.e. 50 μL DMSO 100 μLPEG300 200 μL castor oil 650 μL Saline)
Injection Formulation 7: Ethanol : Cremophor : Saline = 10: 10 : 80 (i.e. 100 μL Ethanol 100 μL Cremophor 800 μL Saline)
Injection Formulation 8: Dissolve in Cremophor/Ethanol (50 : 50), then diluted by Saline
Injection Formulation 9: EtOH : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH 900 μL Corn oil)
Injection Formulation 10: EtOH : PEG300Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH 400 μLPEG300 50 μL Tween 80 450 μL Saline)


Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium)
Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose
Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals).
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Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400
Oral Formulation 4: Suspend in 0.2% Carboxymethyl cellulose
Oral Formulation 5: Dissolve in 0.25% Tween 80 and 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose
Oral Formulation 6: Mixing with food powders


Note: Please be aware that the above formulations are for reference only. InvivoChem strongly recommends customers to read literature methods/protocols carefully before determining which formulation you should use for in vivo studies, as different compounds have different solubility properties and have to be formulated differently.

 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)
Preparing Stock Solutions 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 4.1166 mL 20.5829 mL 41.1658 mL
5 mM 0.8233 mL 4.1166 mL 8.2332 mL
10 mM 0.4117 mL 2.0583 mL 4.1166 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.

Calculator

Molarity Calculator allows you to calculate the mass, volume, and/or concentration required for a solution, as detailed below:

  • Calculate the Mass of a compound required to prepare a solution of known volume and concentration
  • Calculate the Volume of solution required to dissolve a compound of known mass to a desired concentration
  • Calculate the Concentration of a solution resulting from a known mass of compound in a specific volume
An example of molarity calculation using the molarity calculator is shown below:
What is the mass of compound required to make a 10 mM stock solution in 5 ml of DMSO given that the molecular weight of the compound is 350.26 g/mol?
  • Enter 350.26 in the Molecular Weight (MW) box
  • Enter 10 in the Concentration box and choose the correct unit (mM)
  • Enter 5 in the Volume box and choose the correct unit (mL)
  • Click the “Calculate” button
  • The answer of 17.513 mg appears in the Mass box. In a similar way, you may calculate the volume and concentration.

Dilution Calculator allows you to calculate how to dilute a stock solution of known concentrations. For example, you may Enter C1, C2 & V2 to calculate V1, as detailed below:

What volume of a given 10 mM stock solution is required to make 25 ml of a 25 μM solution?
Using the equation C1V1 = C2V2, where C1=10 mM, C2=25 μM, V2=25 ml and V1 is the unknown:
  • Enter 10 into the Concentration (Start) box and choose the correct unit (mM)
  • Enter 25 into the Concentration (End) box and select the correct unit (mM)
  • Enter 25 into the Volume (End) box and choose the correct unit (mL)
  • Click the “Calculate” button
  • The answer of 62.5 μL (0.1 ml) appears in the Volume (Start) box
g/mol

Molecular Weight Calculator allows you to calculate the molar mass and elemental composition of a compound, as detailed below:

Note: Chemical formula is case sensitive: C12H18N3O4  c12h18n3o4
Instructions to calculate molar mass (molecular weight) of a chemical compound:
  • To calculate molar mass of a chemical compound, please enter the chemical/molecular formula and click the “Calculate’ button.
Definitions of molecular mass, molecular weight, molar mass and molar weight:
  • Molecular mass (or molecular weight) is the mass of one molecule of a substance and is expressed in the unified atomic mass units (u). (1 u is equal to 1/12 the mass of one atom of carbon-12)
  • Molar mass (molar weight) is the mass of one mole of a substance and is expressed in g/mol.
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Reconstitution Calculator allows you to calculate the volume of solvent required to reconstitute your vial.

  • Enter the mass of the reagent and the desired reconstitution concentration as well as the correct units
  • Click the “Calculate” button
  • The answer appears in the Volume (to add to vial) box
In vivo Formulation Calculator (Clear solution)
Step 1: Enter information below (Recommended: An additional animal to make allowance for loss during the experiment)
Step 2: Enter in vivo formulation (This is only a calculator, not the exact formulation for a specific product. Please contact us first if there is no in vivo formulation in the solubility section.)
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Calculation results

Working concentration mg/mL;

Method for preparing DMSO stock solution mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.

Method for preparing in vivo formulation:Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O,mix and clarify.

(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
             (2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.

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