![[2,2'-Bipyridine]-4,4'-dicarboxylic acid](/upload/1124/V69007.png)
| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 25g |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
No specific biological target has been identified for [2,2'-bipyridine]-4,4'-dicarboxylic acid, as it functions primarily as a chemical intermediate and ligand rather than a direct pharmacological agent. However, the compound's bipyridine core allows it to chelate metal ions, forming complexes with various transition metals. These metal complexes can interact with biological molecules and may have potential applications in bioinorganic chemistry. The compound's carboxylic acid groups provide additional coordination sites for metal binding and allow for further derivatization. Bipyridine derivatives are known to interact with DNA and proteins through intercalation and metal-mediated binding. The compound's ability to form stable complexes with metal ions makes it valuable for studying metal-protein interactions and for developing metal-based therapeutics and diagnostic agents.
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro, [2,2'-bipyridine]-4,4'-dicarboxylic acid is used as an organic chemical synthesis intermediate and as a chemical intermediate or reactant. It is also used as a ligand for the preparation of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and coordination polymers. The compound's ability to chelate metal ions makes it valuable for the synthesis of various metal complexes with potential applications in catalysis, sensing, and materials science. In biochemical research, the compound may be used to study metal-protein interactions and to develop metal-based probes for biological imaging. Its carboxylic acid groups allow for conjugation to biomolecules, enabling the development of targeted diagnostic and therapeutic agents. The compound's bipyridine core provides a rigid, planar structure that can interact with biological molecules through π-π stacking and hydrophobic interactions.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo studies are not typically performed with [2,2'-bipyridine]-4,4'-dicarboxylic acid, as it is primarily a chemical intermediate and ligand rather than a pharmacological agent. The compound is not intended for administration to living organisms. Its metal complexes may be evaluated in vivo for potential therapeutic or diagnostic applications, but the parent compound itself is not used in in vivo studies. Bipyridine derivatives can have toxic effects, and the compound's ability to chelate metal ions may interfere with essential metal-dependent biological processes. The compound is classified with hazard code Xi (Irritant), indicating potential for irritation upon exposure.
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| Enzyme Assay |
Cell-free assays for [2,2'-bipyridine]-4,4'-dicarboxylic acid involve its use as a ligand for metal complexation. Standard protocols for the synthesis of metal complexes involve dissolving the compound in an appropriate solvent, adding a metal salt (e.g., ruthenium, iridium, or copper salts), and heating under reflux. The resulting metal complexes are characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and X-ray crystallography. The compound's ability to chelate metal ions can be studied using potentiometric titration or spectrophotometric methods. Its use as a chemical intermediate involves standard organic synthesis procedures, including amidation, esterification, and other transformations of the carboxylic acid groups.
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| Cell Assay |
Cellular assays are not commonly performed with [2,2'-bipyridine]-4,4'-dicarboxylic acid itself, as it is primarily a chemical reagent rather than a bioactive compound. However, its metal complexes may be evaluated in cell-based systems for potential therapeutic or diagnostic applications. For example, ruthenium complexes of bipyridine derivatives have been investigated for their anticancer activity and are tested in cancer cell lines. The compound itself is not used as a test article in cell-based experiments due to its primary role as a ligand and chemical intermediate.
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| Animal Protocol |
Animal studies are not conducted with [2,2'-bipyridine]-4,4'-dicarboxylic acid. The compound is a chemical reagent and is not intended for administration to animals. Its metal complexes may be evaluated in animal models for potential therapeutic or diagnostic applications, but the parent compound itself is not used in animal studies. Toxicity and pharmacological profiles for the parent compound are inferred from related bipyridine derivatives. Bipyridine compounds can have toxic effects, and appropriate safety precautions should be taken when handling the compound.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic data for [2,2'-bipyridine]-4,4'-dicarboxylic acid are not available, as the compound is primarily a chemical reagent rather than a drug candidate. With a molecular weight of 244.20 g/mol and being insoluble in water, the compound would have limited bioavailability if administered. The compound's carboxylic acid groups would be ionized at physiological pH, further limiting membrane permeability. Comprehensive pharmacokinetic studies including absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion have not been performed, as the compound is not intended for therapeutic use. For research purposes, the compound is typically handled as a neat chemical and not administered to living organisms for pharmacokinetic profiling.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicological data for [2,2'-bipyridine]-4,4'-dicarboxylic acid indicate that the compound is classified with hazard code Xi (Irritant). Risk statements include R36/37/38: Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin. Safety statements include S26: In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice, and S36: Wear suitable protective clothing. The compound appears as a white to white-grey powder with a melting point of >310 °C. It should be kept in the dark, sealed in dry conditions at room temperature. Appropriate safety precautions should be taken when handling the compound, including the use of personal protective equipment such as gloves and safety goggles.
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| Additional Infomation |
[2,2'-Bipyridine]-4,4'-dicarboxylic acid is a research chemical, not an approved drug. It has no clinical trial or marketing approval status for therapeutic use. The compound is an organic chemical synthesis intermediate and a useful research compound that can be used as a chemical intermediate or reactant. It belongs to the bipyridine family, characterized by two pyridine rings connected by a single bond. The compound has a molecular weight of 244.20 g/mol, a melting point of >310 °C, and appears as a white to white-grey powder. It is insoluble in water and should be kept in the dark, sealed in dry conditions at room temperature. The compound is classified with hazard code Xi (Irritant).
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| Molecular Formula |
C12H8N2O4
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
244.20
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| Exact Mass |
244.048
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| CAS # |
6813-38-3
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| PubChem CID |
688094
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| Appearance |
White to light yellow solid powder
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| Density |
1.5±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
677.0±55.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
>310°C
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| Flash Point |
363.2±31.5 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±2.2 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.654
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| LogP |
1.28
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
2
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
6
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
3
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| Heavy Atom Count |
18
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| Complexity |
302
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
O=C(C1=CC(C2=NC=CC(C(O)=O)=C2)=NC=C1)O
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| InChi Key |
FXPLCAKVOYHAJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C12H8N2O4/c15-11(16)7-1-3-13-9(5-7)10-6-8(12(17)18)2-4-14-10/h1-6H,(H,15,16)(H,17,18)
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| Chemical Name |
2-(4-carboxypyridin-2-yl)pyridine-4-carboxylic acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 4.0950 mL | 20.4750 mL | 40.9500 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.8190 mL | 4.0950 mL | 8.1900 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.4095 mL | 2.0475 mL | 4.0950 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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