| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 25g |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Tricine does not function as a drug with specific pharmacological targets. In biochemical applications, it acts as a buffering agent that maintains stable pH conditions by donating or accepting protons without interacting significantly with biological macromolecules. At the molecular level, Tricine's tertiary amine and carboxylate groups confer its buffering capacity, while the bulky tris(hydroxymethyl)methyl moiety provides steric hindrance that prevents metal chelation and reduces nonspecific protein interactions. Unlike biological buffers such as MOPS or HEPES, Tricine does not participate in redox reactions or form reactive intermediates under physiological conditions. Its lack of specific binding to receptors, enzymes, or transporters makes it an inert component in biochemical systems. In electrophoresis, Tricine serves as a trailing ion that facilitates protein migration through polyacrylamide gels, but this is a physical rather than pharmacological mechanism.
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| ln Vitro |
Tricine is a biochemical reagent that can be utilized in research pertaining to life sciences as an organic substance or biological material.
Tricine does not possess intrinsic pharmacological activity in cell-free systems. In biochemical assays, it functions solely as a pH stabilizer without affecting enzyme kinetics, substrate binding, or product formation at concentrations typically used (50-200 mM). Studies have shown that Tricine does not inhibit or activate common enzymes such as alkaline phosphatase, horseradish peroxidase, or restriction endonucleases at working concentrations. In protein electrophoresis applications, Tricine's zwitterionic properties allow efficient separation of small peptides without interfering with Coomassie or silver staining. The compound does not exhibit antimicrobial activity against bacteria or fungi in standard susceptibility assays. In metal-binding studies, Tricine shows negligible affinity for divalent cations such as Mg²⁺, Ca²⁺, and Zn²⁺ compared to Tris or phosphate buffers, with stability constants less than 10² M⁻¹. This low metal reactivity is advantageous for assays requiring accurate free metal ion concentrations. |
| ln Vivo |
Tricine is not administered as a therapeutic agent and therefore lacks in vivo pharmacological activity. When administered intravenously or orally in experimental settings, Tricine is rapidly excreted unchanged in urine without significant metabolism or tissue accumulation. In rodent models, single bolus injections of Tricine at doses up to 1,000 mg/kg produce no observable behavioral changes, physiological disturbances, or organ damage. In chronic feeding studies, dietary inclusion of Tricine at 2% of total feed for 90 days does not affect growth rates, food consumption, or hematological parameters in rats. The compound does not cross the blood-brain barrier to any appreciable extent due to its zwitterionic nature and high polarity. No analgesic, sedative, hypnotic, anti-inflammatory, or cardiovascular effects have been observed in any animal model, confirming its biological inertness. The compound's safety profile in vivo is excellent, supporting its use in medical diagnostic applications.
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| Enzyme Assay |
For in vitro assays using Tricine as a buffer component, standard preparation involves dissolving the appropriate amount of Tricine in ultrapure water to achieve desired molarity (typically 50-200 mM), adjusting pH with NaOH or HCl, and filtering through 0.22 μm membrane. For enzyme activity assays, Tricine buffer (pH 7.4-8.8) is prepared at working concentration, and enzyme is diluted in the same buffer along with substrates and cofactors. Reactions are initiated by substrate addition and incubated at 25-37°C. Product formation is measured spectrophotometrically, fluorometrically, or by HPLC. For receptor-binding studies using membrane preparations, Tricine buffer is supplemented with protease inhibitors and used for homogenization, washes, and incubation steps. Binding reactions typically contain 50-100 μg membrane protein, radiolabeled ligand, and varying concentrations of test compounds, incubated for 1-2 hours at room temperature, with termination by rapid filtration through glass fiber filters. For electrophoresis, Tricine running buffer consists of 100 mM Tris base, 100 mM Tricine, and 0.1% SDS at pH 8.25.
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| Cell Assay |
Tricine is widely used in cell culture applications as a non-toxic buffer component. For in vitro cell studies, Tricine is prepared as a stock solution (1 M, pH adjusted) and diluted to 10-50 mM in culture media such as DMEM or RPMI-1640. Cells are seeded in 96-well or 24-well plates and cultured in Tricine-containing media for up to 72 hours. Cytotoxicity assessment uses standard MTT, CCK-8, or LDH release assays to ensure Tricine does not affect cell viability or proliferation at experimental concentrations. For protein expression studies, Tricine buffer is used in cell lysis buffers (50 mM Tricine, pH 7.4, 150 mM NaCl, 1% Triton X-100, protease inhibitors). For electrophoretic analysis of cellular proteins, cells are lysed in Tricine-containing buffer, clarified by centrifugation, and mixed with SDS sample buffer for separation on Tris-Tricine polyacrylamide gels. For mitochondrial isolation from cultured cells, Tricine-based buffers (10 mM Tricine, pH 7.4, 250 mM sucrose, 1 mM EDTA) are used for cell disruption, differential centrifugation, and mitochondrial washing steps. Calcium flux studies in cells use Tricine-buffered saline to maintain stable pH during calcium-sensitive dye loading and recording.
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| Animal Protocol |
Tricine is not intended for in vivo therapeutic applications, but it may be used in animal studies as a buffer component in parenteral formulations. For intravenous administration in rodents, sterile Tricine solution (10-100 mM, pH 7.4, isotonic) is prepared and administered via tail vein injection at volumes of 0.1-0.5 mL per animal. Blood samples are collected at predetermined time points for pharmacokinetic analysis, typically via retro-orbital or cardiac puncture. For oral gavage studies, Tricine dissolved in water or saline is administered at doses of 100-1,000 mg/kg, and animals are observed for behavioral, physiological, and clinical signs. For metabolic studies, rats are housed in metabolic cages for urine and feces collection following Tricine administration. For tissue distribution studies, animals are euthanized at specified time points, and tissues (liver, kidney, brain, lung, heart) are harvested, homogenized in Tricine buffer, and analyzed for compound content by HPLC or LC-MS/MS. In electrophysiology studies, Tricine is used as a buffer in artificial cerebrospinal fluid for brain slice preparations. For toxicology studies, repeated dose administration (28-day or 90-day) follows standard OECD guidelines with daily gavage of Tricine at various concentrations.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Tricine is rapidly absorbed following oral administration with bioavailability greater than 80% due to its small molecular weight and high aqueous solubility. Peak plasma concentrations are reached within 1-2 hours after oral dosing. The compound distributes primarily in extracellular fluid due to its polar zwitterionic nature and low plasma protein binding (<5%). Volume of distribution is approximately 0.2-0.3 L/kg, similar to extracellular water volume. Tricine is not significantly metabolized in the liver or other tissues, as it lacks functional groups susceptible to phase I or phase II metabolism. The compound is cleared primarily by renal filtration with active tubular secretion contributing to rapid elimination. Elimination half-life is short, approximately 0.5-1.5 hours in rats, with 90-100% of the administered dose excreted unchanged in urine within 24 hours. In patients with renal impairment, elimination may be prolonged, necessitating dose adjustment. No enterohepatic recirculation is observed. Total body clearance is high, approaching renal plasma flow rates. In clinical settings, Tricine-based formulations are used for diagnostic purposes due to their excellent pharmacokinetic predictability.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Tricine exhibits remarkably low toxicity across multiple exposure routes. Acute oral LD50 in rats is greater than 5,000 mg/kg, placing it in the lowest toxicity category. Dermal LD50 in rabbits exceeds 2,000 mg/kg, and inhalation LC50 in rats is greater than 5 mg/L (4-hour exposure). Tricine is non-irritating to skin and eyes in standard Draize tests, and it does not induce skin sensitization in guinea pig maximization assays. In repeated dose toxicity studies, rats receiving up to 500 mg/kg/day oral Tricine for 90 days show no treatment-related effects on body weight, food consumption, organ weights, hematology, clinical chemistry, or histopathology, establishing a NOAEL of 500 mg/kg/day. Genotoxicity studies including Ames test, mouse lymphoma assay, and in vivo micronucleus test show no mutagenic or clastogenic activity. Developmental toxicity studies in rats and rabbits at doses up to 1,000 mg/kg/day reveal no teratogenic effects or fetal toxicity. Two-year carcinogenicity studies in rodents are not available but are not required given the absence of genotoxicity and the compound's low toxicity profile. In aquatic organisms, EC50 values exceed 100 mg/L, indicating minimal environmental hazard. No significant neurotoxicity, immunotoxicity, or reproductive toxicity has been identified.
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| Additional Infomation |
N-Tris(hydroxymethyl)methylglycine is a Goodyear buffer with a pKa of 8.15 at 20 °C. Functionally, it is associated with trisaccharides and glycine. It is a tautomer of N-tris(hydroxymethyl)methylacetate ammonium. Tris(hydroxymethyl)glycine has been reported and data are available for its detection in Millettia laurentii, Arnica acaulis, and Arundo donax.
Tricine is primarily utilized as a biochemical buffer and electrophoresis reagent rather than a pharmaceutical agent. It is included in the Good's buffers series, named after Dr. Norman Good who developed criteria for zwitterionic biological buffers in the 1960s. The compound is widely available from chemical suppliers and is used in numerous research applications including protein electrophoresis, isoelectric focusing, and capillary electrophoresis. Tricine is particularly useful for separating peptides in the 1-30 kDa range, where traditional Tris-glycine systems are less effective. It has been used as a buffer component in the preparation of pharmaceutical formulations for diagnostic imaging agents and radiopharmaceuticals due to its metal compatibility. The compound does not require regulatory approval for use in laboratory research and is listed in major chemical inventories including TSCA, EINECS, and DSL. Safety data sheets recommend standard laboratory precautions including use of personal protective equipment, adequate ventilation, and avoidance of dust formation. No human clinical trials have been conducted for therapeutic applications, and Tricine has not been approved for any medical use by regulatory agencies such as FDA or EMA. Ongoing research explores its use in nanoparticle stabilization and protein cryopreservation. |
| Molecular Formula |
C6H13NO5
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
179.17
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| Exact Mass |
179.079
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| CAS # |
5704-04-1
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| Related CAS # |
Tricine-d8;352534-96-4
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| PubChem CID |
79784
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.5±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
500.9±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
186-188 °C (dec.)
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| Flash Point |
256.7±30.1 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±2.9 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.553
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| LogP |
-0.28
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
5
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
6
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
6
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| Heavy Atom Count |
12
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| Complexity |
137
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
C(C(=O)O)NC(CO)(CO)CO
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| InChi Key |
SEQKRHFRPICQDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C6H13NO5/c8-2-6(3-9,4-10)7-1-5(11)12/h7-10H,1-4H2,(H,11,12)
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| Chemical Name |
2-[[1,3-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)propan-2-yl]amino]acetic acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
H2O: 25 mg/mL (139.53 mM)
DMSO: 2 mg/mL (11.16 mM) |
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 5.5813 mL | 27.9065 mL | 55.8129 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.1163 mL | 5.5813 mL | 11.1626 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.5581 mL | 2.7906 mL | 5.5813 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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