| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 25g |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Bile extract does not have a defined pharmacological target. It is a complex mixture of bile acids that functions as a digestive aid. Bile acids emulsify fats and facilitate their digestion and absorption. The extract has antimicrobial activity and can induce DNA damage and degrade viral and bacterial membranes. It is used in bacterial culture media as a selective inhibitor for the isolation and identification of pathogens.
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro, bile extract is used as a biochemical reagent and research tool. It has antimicrobial activity and can induce DNA damage and degrade viral and bacterial membranes. The compound is used in bacterial culture media as a selective inhibitor for the isolation and identification of pathogens. It is also used to investigate bile salt adaptation of bacteria.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, bile extract has been used in traditional medicine to treat digestive disorders, liver problems, and skin conditions. It functions as a digestive aid by emulsifying fats. The extract's antimicrobial activity may contribute to its therapeutic effects. Specific in vivo pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic data for the extract as a drug are not well-documented.
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| Enzyme Assay |
For in vitro microbiological assays, bile extract is used as a selective inhibitor in bacterial culture media. Standard protocols involve adding bile extract to culture media at appropriate concentrations (typically 0.1-1%) to inhibit the growth of Gram-positive bacteria while allowing the growth of Gram-negative bacteria. The compound's ability to degrade viral and bacterial membranes can be studied using membrane integrity assays.
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| Cell Assay |
For in vitro cell-based experiments, bile extract is not typically used as a test compound for therapeutic applications. It is a biochemical reagent used in bacterial culture media and for studying bile salt adaptation of bacteria. The compound may be used in studies of bacterial pathogenesis and host-pathogen interactions.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies using bile extract are not typically conducted for therapeutic purposes. The extract may be used in traditional medicine studies or in models of digestive disorders. Standard in vivo protocols would involve administration to rodents via oral gavage, with measurement of digestive function, bile acid levels, and metabolic parameters. Specific protocols for this compound are not well-documented.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic properties of bile extract are not characterized as a drug. The extract is a complex mixture of bile acids, cholesterol, and bilirubin. Bile acids undergo enterohepatic circulation and are metabolized by the gut microbiota. The compound is not intended for systemic administration as a drug.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Bile extract is a natural product and is generally considered safe for use as a digestive aid. It has been used in traditional medicine for centuries. The compound may cause gastrointestinal effects at high doses. Specific LD₅₀ values, acute toxicity classifications, and chronic toxicity data are not available in the public literature. The compound is for research use only.
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| Additional Infomation |
There are reports and data regarding bovine bile extracts in the human body. Steroid acids and their salts. Primary bile acids are derived from cholesterol in the liver and are usually bound to glycine or taurine. Secondary bile acids are further transformed by intestinal bacteria. They play an important role in the digestion and absorption of fats. Furthermore, they are used in pharmacology, particularly in the treatment of gallstones. See also: bile extracts (note moved to); bile acids (note moved to).
Bile extract (Ox bile extract, CAS 8008-63-7) is primarily a research-grade biochemical reagent and traditional medicine ingredient, not an FDA-approved pharmaceutical drug. Its primary applications are in bacterial culture media as a selective inhibitor, for studying bile salt adaptation of bacteria, and as a digestive aid. No clinical trials or approved therapeutic indications exist for this compound as a drug. |
| Molecular Formula |
C24H40O5
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
408.57140827179
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| Exact Mass |
408.287
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| CAS # |
8008-63-7
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| PubChem CID |
303
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| Appearance |
Typically exists as solid at room temperature
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| LogP |
3.6
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
4
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
5
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
4
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| Heavy Atom Count |
29
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| Complexity |
637
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| InChi Key |
BHQCQFFYRZLCQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C24H40O5/c1-13(4-7-21(28)29)16-5-6-17-22-18(12-20(27)24(16,17)3)23(2)9-8-15(25)10-14(23)11-19(22)26/h13-20,22,25-27H,4-12H2,1-3H3,(H,28,29)
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| Chemical Name |
4-(3,7,12-trihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl)pentanoic acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
H2O: 25 mg/mL
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.4476 mL | 12.2378 mL | 24.4756 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.4895 mL | 2.4476 mL | 4.8951 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2448 mL | 1.2238 mL | 2.4476 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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