| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 100mg |
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| 500mg |
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| 1g |
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| Other Sizes |
Purity: Content= 98%
| Targets |
β-1,3-Glucan does not have a defined pharmacological target. It is a naturally occurring polysaccharide that functions as a pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP) recognized by immune system pattern recognition receptors such as dectin-1. Its mechanism of action involves activation of immune responses through binding to these receptors, leading to the production of cytokines and activation of innate immune cells.
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro, β-1,3-glucan is used as a biochemical reagent and research tool. It is used to study immune activation, as it is recognized by pattern recognition receptors of the immune system. The compound is also used as a substrate to identify, differentiate, and characterize glucanases. It is employed in studies of polysaccharide physicochemical properties and as a model compound.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, β-1,3-glucan is studied for its immunomodulatory properties. It is known to activate immune responses and has been investigated for its potential as an immunostimulant and adjuvant. The compound's ability to protect DNA from oxidative lesions has also been studied. Specific in vivo pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic data for the compound are not well-documented.
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| Enzyme Assay |
For in vitro immune activation assays, β-1,3-glucan is used to stimulate immune cells such as macrophages and dendritic cells. Cells are treated with the compound at various concentrations (typically 1-100 µg/mL) for 6-24 hours. Cytokine production (e.g., TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10) is measured by ELISA. NF-κB activation can be assessed using reporter gene assays or by detecting nuclear translocation of NF-κB subunits. The compound's recognition by dectin-1 can be studied using receptor blocking antibodies.
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| Cell Assay |
For in vitro cell-based experiments, β-1,3-glucan can be used to study its effects on immune cell function. The compound is added to cell cultures of macrophages, dendritic cells, or other immune cells. Cell viability, proliferation, and differentiation are assessed using standard assays. The compound's ability to activate the inflammasome or induce reactive oxygen species production can also be measured. For glucanase studies, the compound is used as a substrate to measure enzyme activity.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies using β-1,3-glucan are conducted to evaluate its immunomodulatory effects. Standard protocols involve administration to rodents via oral gavage, intraperitoneal injection, or intravenous injection. Immune responses are assessed by measuring cytokine levels in blood and tissues, immune cell activation markers, and changes in immune cell populations. The compound's protective effects against infection or oxidative stress are evaluated in disease models.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic properties of β-1,3-glucan are not extensively characterized. As a high molecular weight polysaccharide (approximately 2,400,000 Da), it is not significantly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. When administered systemically, it is cleared by the reticuloendothelial system, primarily by macrophages in the liver and spleen. The compound is metabolized by glucanases and other enzymes. Empirical pharmacokinetic data are limited.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
β-1,3-Glucan is generally considered to be biocompatible and non-toxic. It is a naturally occurring polysaccharide found in many foods. The compound is not classified as hazardous under standard GHS criteria. However, standard laboratory safety practices should be followed when handling the compound. The compound is for research use only and not for human therapeutic applications as a drug.
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| Additional Infomation |
Reports have indicated that oats contain beta-glucan, and relevant data is available for reference.
β-1,3-Glucan (β-Glucan) (CAS 9051-97-2) is primarily a research-grade biochemical reagent and natural product, not an FDA-approved pharmaceutical drug. Its primary applications are in immunology research for studying immune activation, as a substrate for glucanase characterization, and in studies of polysaccharide physicochemical properties. No clinical trials or approved therapeutic indications exist for this compound as a drug. |
| Molecular Formula |
C18H32O14
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
472.43828
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| Exact Mass |
486.158
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| CAS # |
9051-97-2
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| PubChem CID |
71312131
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| Appearance |
Off-white to light yellow solid powder
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| Source |
Euglena
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| LogP |
-4.3
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
9
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
14
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
7
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| Heavy Atom Count |
32
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| Complexity |
582
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
13
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| SMILES |
C1[C@@H]([C@H](O[C@H]([C@@H]1O)O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@H](O[C@H]([C@@H]2O)O[C@@H]3[C@H](CO[C@@H]([C@H]3O)CO)O)CO)O)CO)O
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| InChi Key |
SPMCUTIDVYCGCK-IIIGWGBSSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C18H32O14/c19-2-9-6(22)1-7(23)17(29-9)32-16-13(26)11(4-21)30-18(14(16)27)31-15-8(24)5-28-10(3-20)12(15)25/h6-27H,1-5H2/t6-,7+,8-,9+,10+,11+,12+,13+,14+,15+,16-,17-,18-/m0/s1
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| Chemical Name |
(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-2-[(2R,3R,4R,5S)-3,5-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-4-[(2S,3R,5S,6R)-3,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,5-diol
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO: 5 mg/mL
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.1167 mL | 10.5834 mL | 21.1667 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.4233 mL | 2.1167 mL | 4.2333 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2117 mL | 1.0583 mL | 2.1167 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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