| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1mg |
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| 5mg |
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| 10mg | |||
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and exocytotic vesicles.
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|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
Not applicable as Endoplasmic reticulum dye 1 is a passive ER-targeting fluorescent probe.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In living cells, Endoplasmic reticulum dye 1 selectively stains the ER network with high signal-to-noise ratio. A typical experiment: Incubate live cells (e.g., HeLa, COS-7) with 0.5-5 uM dye for 15-30 minutes at 37degC. The dye accumulates in the ER, allowing visualization of the ER morphology (sheet-like structures and tubules) and dynamics (ER remodeling during cell division). The dye can also be used to track exocytotic events as vesicles fuse with the plasma membrane and release their contents.
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| Cell Assay |
A standard staining protocol: Prepare a 1 mM stock solution of Endoplasmic reticulum dye 1 in DMSO. Dilute to working concentration (1-10 uM) in HBSS or cell culture medium. Remove culture medium from cells grown on coverslips or glass-bottom dishes. Add the diluted dye solution to cells. Incubate at 37degC for 15-60 minutes in the dark. For live-cell imaging, wash cells twice with warm HBSS to remove excess dye. Add fresh HBSS or medium. Image using a fluorescence microscope or confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) with excitation at 458 nm or 488 nm and emission detection at 495-515 nm.
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| Animal Protocol |
Dissolve Endoplasmic reticulum dye 1 in DMSO to prepare a stock solution, then dilute in sterile PBS or 5% glucose to achieve a final DMSO concentration ≤5%. Administer to mice via intraperitoneal (IP) injection at 1-5 mg/kg. After 30-60 minutes, anesthetize mice with isoflurane. Perform intravital imaging of exposed tissues (e.g., liver, pancreas) using a confocal microscope with appropriate filters. Alternatively, euthanize animals, perfuse with PBS, harvest tissues, and image ex vivo.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Endoplasmic reticulum dye 1 has a molecular weight of ~596.57 g/mol (rhenium complex). The rhenium metal center provides exceptional photostability and a long emission lifetime, which is advantageous for time-gated imaging and FLIM (Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy) applications. In vivo, the dye is likely cleared via the hepatobiliary route due to its metal complex nature, with a circulation half-life (t1/2) of 1-2 hours.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
In vitro cytotoxicity assays using MTT or Live/Dead staining confirm that Endoplasmic reticulum dye 1 exhibits low toxicity at concentrations up to 10 uM for 24 hours. The rhenium-based complex is generally considered biologically inert. In vivo acute toxicity studies have not been reported. Standard safety precautions for handling metal complexes (gloves, lab coat) are recommended.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Endoplasmic reticulum dye 1 is a research-grade imaging tool, not a drug, and has not been approved for clinical trials or diagnostic use. It is particularly valuable for studies of ER stress, calcium homeostasis, protein folding diseases (e.g., Alzheimer's, Parkinson's), and secretion pathways. Its high photostability and low background make it superior to conventional ER dyes (e.g., DiOC₆(3)) for long-term time-lapse experiments.
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| Molecular Formula |
C21H12N7O3RE
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
596.572083473206
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| Exact Mass |
597.056
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| CAS # |
1404104-40-0
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| PubChem CID |
137700480
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| Appearance |
Light yellow to yellow solid powder
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
0
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
1
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| Heavy Atom Count |
32
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| Complexity |
523
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
C([Re+]1([N-]2N=NC(C3C=CN=CC=3)=N2)([N]2=CC=CC3=CC=C4C=CC=[N]1C4=C23)(C#[O])C#[O])#[O]
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| InChi Key |
GGYCJXCZGIQNIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C12H8N2.C6H4N5.3CO.Re/c1-3-9-5-6-10-4-2-8-14-12(10)11(9)13-7-1;1-3-7-4-2-5(1)6-8-10-11-9-6;3*1-2;/h1-8H;1-4H;;;;/q;-1;;;;
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| Chemical Name |
carbon monoxide;1,10-phenanthroline;rhenium;4-(1,2,4-triaza-3-azanidacyclopenta-1,4-dien-5-yl)pyridine
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO: ≥ 33.33 mg/mL (55.87 mM)
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 1.6762 mL | 8.3812 mL | 16.7625 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.3352 mL | 1.6762 mL | 3.3525 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1676 mL | 0.8381 mL | 1.6762 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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