| Size | Price | |
|---|---|---|
| Other Sizes |
Purity: ≥86%
| ln Vitro |
Depending on the formulation, carmine has been employed in biological staining to show nuclei, chromosomes, or mucins selectively[2].
|
|---|---|
| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Carminic acid appears as dark purplish-brown mass or bright red or dark red powder. Darkens at 248 °F. Deep red color in water. Yellow to violet in acidic aqueous solutions. (NTP, 1992)
Carminic acid is a tetrahydroxyanthraquinone that is that is 1,3,4,6-tetrahydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone substituted by a methyl group at position 8, a carboxy group at position 7 and a 1,5-anhydro-D-glucitol moiety at position 2 via a C-glycosidic linkage. It is a natural dye isolated from several insects such as Dactylopius coccus. It has a role as an animal metabolite and a histological dye. It is a tetrahydroxyanthraquinone, a monocarboxylic acid and a C-glycosyl compound. It is a conjugate acid of a carminate(2-). Coloring matter from the insect Coccus cacti L. It is used in foods, pharmaceuticals, toiletries, etc., as a dye, and also has use as a microscopic stain and biological marker. See also: Cochineal (annotation moved to). Mechanism of Action The food coloring carminic acid redox cycles to produce free radicals. These radicals, in the presence of trace amounts of iron salts, readily damage membrane lipid and degrade the carbohydrate deoxyribose. Damage to membrane lipid appears to involve mainly organic oxygen radicals such as alkoxy and peroxy radicals, whereas that to deoxyribose implicates the hydroxyl radical formed in a Fenton-type reaction. Antioxidants and iron chelators prevent such damage. The antitumor agent carminic acid did not bind to DNA but nicked it slowly, more rapidly when reduced in situ, & still more when prereduced at the quinone moiety. |
| Molecular Formula |
C22H20O13
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
492.3864
|
| Exact Mass |
492.09
|
| CAS # |
1390-65-4
|
| PubChem CID |
10255083
|
| Appearance |
Brown to red solid powder
|
| Density |
1.9±0.1 g/cm3
|
| Boiling Point |
907.6±65.0 °C at 760 mmHg
|
| Melting Point |
136ºC dec
|
| Flash Point |
316.1±27.8 °C
|
| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±0.3 mmHg at 25°C
|
| Index of Refraction |
1.792
|
| LogP |
4.8
|
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
9
|
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
13
|
| Rotatable Bond Count |
3
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
35
|
| Complexity |
864
|
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
5
|
| SMILES |
CC1=C2C(=CC(=C1C(=O)O)O)C(=O)C3=C(C2=O)C(=C(C(=C3O)O)[C@H]4[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O4)CO)O)O)O)O
|
| InChi Key |
DGQLVPJVXFOQEV-JNVSTXMASA-N
|
| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C22H20O13/c1-4-8-5(2-6(24)9(4)22(33)34)13(25)10-11(15(8)27)16(28)12(18(30)17(10)29)21-20(32)19(31)14(26)7(3-23)35-21/h2,7,14,19-21,23-24,26,28-32H,3H2,1H3,(H,33,34)/t7-,14-,19+,20-,21+/m1/s1
|
| Chemical Name |
3,5,6,8-tetrahydroxy-1-methyl-9,10-dioxo-7-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]anthracene-2-carboxylic acid
|
| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
|
| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
|
| Solubility (In Vitro) |
H2O: 125 mg/mL
|
|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.0309 mL | 10.1546 mL | 20.3091 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.4062 mL | 2.0309 mL | 4.0618 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2031 mL | 1.0155 mL | 2.0309 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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