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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
O-Phthalimide-C3-acid does not target a specific protein or enzyme as a pharmacological agent. Its utility is as a hapten that can be conjugated to carrier proteins for the production of antibodies. The compound serves as a chemical building block for antigen design, where the phthalimide moiety acts as the antigenic determinant and the carboxylic acid provides a handle for conjugation. The compound may also be used as a synthetic intermediate for the preparation of other phthalimide-containing molecules.
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| ln Vitro |
The in vitro activity of O-Phthalimide-C3-acid is its function as a hapten for antigen design. The compound can be conjugated to carrier proteins such as keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) or bovine serum albumin (BSA) via the carboxylic acid group, which is activated with carbodiimide reagents to form amide bonds with free amine groups on the protein. The resulting conjugate can be used to immunize animals for the production of antibodies that recognize the phthalimide moiety. The compound's spacer arm provides distance between the hapten and the carrier protein, improving antibody recognition.
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| ln Vivo |
O-Phthalimide-C3-acid is not used as a therapeutic agent. Its in vivo utility is limited to research applications involving the production of antibodies and the study of hapten-protein interactions. The compound is not intended for systemic therapeutic use.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro conjugation assays for O-Phthalimide-C3-acid involve activating the carboxylic acid group with a carbodiimide (such as EDC) and NHS to form an NHS ester. The activated compound is then incubated with carrier proteins in appropriate buffer conditions to form amide bonds with lysine residues. The conjugation efficiency can be assessed by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, SDS-PAGE, or by measuring the hapten-to-protein ratio using spectroscopic methods.
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| Cell Assay |
For in vitro cellular experiments, O-Phthalimide-C3-acid is not typically used in cell-based assays. However, antibodies raised against conjugates of this compound could be used in immunoassays to detect phthalimide-containing molecules.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal experiments with O-Phthalimide-C3-acid are performed in the context of antibody production. The compound is conjugated to a carrier protein and used to immunize animals such as rabbits or mice. The resulting antisera are collected and tested for antibody titer and specificity against the phthalimide hapten.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic properties of O-Phthalimide-C3-acid have not been characterized, as the compound is a research-use hapten rather than a drug candidate. The compound has a molecular weight of 233.22 g/mol and should be stored under appropriate conditions.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
O-Phthalimide-C3-acid is intended for research use only and not for human therapeutic or diagnostic applications. Standard laboratory safety precautions should be observed when handling this chemical reagent.
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| References |
[1]. Mercader JV, et al. Development of monoclonal ELISAs for azinphos-methyl. 1. Hapten synthesis and antibody production. J Agric Food Chem. 1999 Mar;47(3):1276-84.
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| Additional Infomation |
4-Phthalimidobutyric acid is the parent compound.
O-Phthalimide-C3-acid (4-Phthalimidobutyric acid) is a hapten with a carboxyl group at the end of its spacer arm, suitable for reacting with free amine groups of proteins. It is used for carrier protein conjugation and antigen design. The compound has no clinical or therapeutic applications. |
| Molecular Formula |
C12H11NO4
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
233.22
|
| Exact Mass |
233.068
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| CAS # |
3130-75-4
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| PubChem CID |
18411
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| Appearance |
Off-white to light brown solid powder
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| Density |
1.4±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
442.1±28.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
119-121ºC
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| Flash Point |
221.2±24.0 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±1.1 mmHg at 25°C
|
| Index of Refraction |
1.605
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| LogP |
1.58
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
1
|
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
4
|
| Rotatable Bond Count |
4
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
17
|
| Complexity |
328
|
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
|
| SMILES |
C1=CC=C2C(=C1)C(=O)N(CCCC(=O)O)C2=O
|
| InChi Key |
HMKSXJBFBVGLJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C12H11NO4/c14-10(15)6-3-7-13-11(16)8-4-1-2-5-9(8)12(13)17/h1-2,4-5H,3,6-7H2,(H,14,15)
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| Chemical Name |
4-(1,3-dioxoisoindol-2-yl)butanoic acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 4.2878 mL | 21.4390 mL | 42.8780 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.8576 mL | 4.2878 mL | 8.5756 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.4288 mL | 2.1439 mL | 4.2878 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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