| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1g |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Maltotriose hydrate does not target a specific protein or enzyme as a pharmacological agent. However, as a substrate for various amylases and glucosidases, it interacts with enzymes that hydrolyze α-1,4-glycosidic bonds. These include α-amylases, glucoamylases, and maltase, which cleave maltotriose into glucose units. The compound serves as a substrate for studying carbohydrate metabolism, enzyme kinetics, and the specificity of glycoside hydrolases. Its three glucose units linked by α-1,4 bonds make it a valuable tool for investigating the catalytic mechanisms of starch-degrading enzymes.
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|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
The in vitro activity of maltotriose hydrate is primarily as a substrate for enzymes that hydrolyze α-1,4-glycosidic bonds. It is used in enzymatic assays to measure the activity of α-amylases, glucoamylases, and other carbohydrate-active enzymes. The hydrolysis of maltotriose releases glucose, which can be quantified using coupled enzymatic assays or chromatographic methods. The compound is also used as a standard in high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and mass spectrometry for the analysis of oligosaccharides. Its well-defined structure makes it an ideal model substrate for studying the specificity and kinetics of glycoside hydrolases.
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| ln Vivo |
Maltotriose hydrate is not used as a therapeutic agent. Its in vivo utility is limited to research applications involving the study of carbohydrate metabolism and digestion. The compound can be administered to animal models to investigate the absorption and metabolism of oligosaccharides or to study the effects of dietary carbohydrates on gut microbiota. However, such studies are not commonly performed with maltotriose hydrate as a standalone compound.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro enzyme assays for maltotriose hydrate involve incubating the substrate with enzyme preparations in appropriate buffer conditions. For α-amylase assays, the enzyme cleaves maltotriose into smaller oligosaccharides and glucose. The reaction progress can be monitored by measuring the release of reducing sugars using colorimetric methods such as the dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) assay, or by chromatographic separation of products using HPLC or TLC. For glucoamylase assays, the complete hydrolysis to glucose can be measured using glucose oxidase-peroxidase coupled assays.
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| Cell Assay |
For in vitro cellular experiments, maltotriose hydrate is not typically used directly in cell-based assays. However, it can be added to cell culture media to study the effects of oligosaccharides on cellular metabolism or to investigate the uptake and utilization of carbohydrates by cells expressing specific transporters or glycosidases. The compound can also be used in studies of intestinal epithelial cells to examine the digestion and absorption of carbohydrates.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal experiments with maltotriose hydrate are not commonly performed, as the compound is primarily used as an analytical standard and enzyme substrate in vitro. However, it could be administered orally to animal models to study carbohydrate digestion and absorption, or to investigate the effects of oligosaccharides on the gut microbiome. Such studies would typically involve measuring blood glucose levels or analyzing intestinal contents for carbohydrate metabolites.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic properties of maltotriose hydrate have not been extensively characterized, as it is a research-use carbohydrate rather than a drug candidate. If ingested, maltotriose would be hydrolyzed by intestinal enzymes to glucose, which is then absorbed. The compound has a molecular weight of 522.45 g/mol and should be stored at 2-8°C. Its pharmacokinetics are likely similar to other digestible oligosaccharides.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicological data for maltotriose hydrate has not been systematically evaluated, as the compound is intended for research applications only. Maltotriose is a naturally occurring oligosaccharide and is generally recognized as safe for consumption. However, standard laboratory safety precautions should be observed when handling this chemical reagent.
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| Additional Infomation |
Maltotriose hydrate is a linear trisaccharide composed of three α-1,4-linked D-glucose units. It is commonly found in starch and is produced by the enzymatic hydrolysis of amylose and amylopectin. The compound is used as a research tool for studying carbohydrate metabolism, enzyme kinetics, and as a standard in chromatographic analysis. It has no clinical or therapeutic applications and has not received regulatory approval for any medical indication.
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| Molecular Formula |
C18H32O16.XH2O
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
522.4524
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| Exact Mass |
522.18
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| CAS # |
207511-08-8
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| PubChem CID |
16218586
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| Appearance |
Typically exists as solid at room temperature
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| Melting Point |
132-135ºC(lit.)
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
12
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
17
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
7
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| Heavy Atom Count |
35
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| Complexity |
641
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
14
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| SMILES |
O1[C@@]([H])([C@@]([H])([C@]([H])([C@@]([H])([C@@]1([H])C([H])([H])O[H])O[C@]1([H])[C@@]([H])([C@]([H])([C@@]([H])([C@@]([H])(C([H])([H])O[H])O1)O[H])O[H])O[H])O[H])O[H])O[C@]1([H])[C@@]([H])(C([H])([H])O[H])OC([H])([C@@]([H])([C@@]1([H])O[H])O[H])O[H].O([H])[H]
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| InChi Key |
HNKASWRMLBJLKJ-HNNWOXMSSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C18H32O16.H2O/c19-1-4-7(22)8(23)12(27)17(31-4)34-15-6(3-21)32-18(13(28)10(15)25)33-14-5(2-20)30-16(29)11(26)9(14)24;/h4-29H,1-3H2;1H2/t4-,5-,6-,7-,8+,9-,10-,11-,12-,13-,14-,15-,16?,17-,18-;/m1./s1
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| Chemical Name |
(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[(2R,3S,4R,5R)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol;hydrate
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 1.9141 mL | 9.5703 mL | 19.1406 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.3828 mL | 1.9141 mL | 3.8281 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1914 mL | 0.9570 mL | 1.9141 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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