| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5mg |
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| 10mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Carnitine acyltransferases (including CPT1, CPT2, and CAT) involved in fatty acid transport into mitochondria for beta-oxidation are the primary molecular targets. This compound facilitates the transport of medium-chain fatty acids across mitochondrial membranes.
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|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
Octanoylcarnitine decreases the oxidation rate of branched-chain 2-oxo acids, including 3-methyl-2-butanoate and 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate, in cell-free enzymatic assays. It also serves as a substrate for carnitine acetyltransferase (CAT) to measure enzyme activity.
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| ln Vivo |
There is no specific in vivo activity data available for this compound. As an intermediate in fatty acid metabolism, it can be used in metabolic research to study fatty acid transport and oxidation in animal models. It may also enhance the gastrointestinal absorption of certain drugs.
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| Enzyme Assay |
There is no specific enzyme/receptor binding protocol for this compound. A typical protocol involves incubating Octanoylcarnitine chloride (e.g., 10-200 uM) with purified carnitine acyltransferase enzymes in an assay buffer containing CoA and a fatty acyl-CoA substrate, followed by measuring the production of free CoA using DTNB (Ellman‘s reagent) at 412 nm.
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| Cell Assay |
There is no specific cell-based protocol for this compound. A general protocol for studying fatty acid metabolism involves treating cells (e.g., hepatocytes, cardiomyocytes) with Octanoylcarnitine chloride (e.g., 25-200 uM) for 1-24 hours, then assessing beta-oxidation rates, oxygen consumption, or ATP levels.
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| Animal Protocol |
There is no standard in vivo protocol for this compound. A general protocol for studying its metabolic effects would involve administering Octanoylcarnitine chloride intravenously or intraperitoneally to rodent models (e.g., 10-100 mg/kg) and measuring plasma acylcarnitine levels, fatty acid oxidation rates in tissues, or performing metabolic challenge tests (e.g., fasting or high-fat feeding).
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
General PK properties for this compound: As a water-soluble acylcarnitine, it is rapidly cleared from circulation, likely via renal excretion and tissue uptake. It has a relatively short half-life. Formulation is in saline or PBS.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
General toxicity for this compound is considered low at typical experimental doses (mg/kg range). High doses may cause gastrointestinal disturbances or metabolic imbalances. Standard safety precautions for handling laboratory chemicals should be observed.
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| References |
[1]. Jose Alexander, et al. Enhancing absorption of drugs from gastrointestinal tract using acylcarnitines. Patent US4537772A.
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| Additional Infomation |
Octanoylcarnitine chloride is a research tool for studying metabolic disorders such as carnitine deficiency and fatty acid oxidation defects. It is also used in studies of mitochondrial function, diabetes, and cardiomyopathy. The octanoyl group may enhance the permeability of co-administered drugs. This product is for research use only.
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| Molecular Formula |
C15H30CLNO4
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
323.86
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| Exact Mass |
323.186
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| CAS # |
14919-35-8
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| Related CAS # |
L-Octanoylcarnitine;25243-95-2;L-Octanoylcarnitine hydrochloride;54377-02-5;L-Octanoylcarnitine-d3;204259-56-3
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| PubChem CID |
177508
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
1
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
5
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
12
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| Heavy Atom Count |
21
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| Complexity |
297
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
CCCCCCCC(=O)OC(CC(=O)[O-])C[N+](C)(C)C.Cl
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| InChi Key |
MYMFUYYXIJGKKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C15H29NO4.ClH/c1-5-6-7-8-9-10-15(19)20-13(11-14(17)18)12-16(2,3)4;/h13H,5-12H2,1-4H3;1H
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| Chemical Name |
(3-carboxy-2-octanoyloxypropyl)-trimethylazanium;chloride
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 3.0878 mL | 15.4388 mL | 30.8775 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.6176 mL | 3.0878 mL | 6.1755 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3088 mL | 1.5439 mL | 3.0878 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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