| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Inhibition of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion is a reported target. Specifically, Digitoxose competitively inhibits glucose-stimulated insulin release from pancreatic islets. It also serves as a sugar subunit for cardiac glycosides targeting the Na+/K+-ATPase receptor.
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|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
In vitro, Digitoxose specifically and competitively inhibits glucose-stimulated insulin release from isolated pancreatic islets. It also serves as a model sugar for studying glycosylation reactions and structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies in medicinal chemistry.
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| ln Vivo |
There is no specific in vivo activity data available for this compound, although its parent molecule digitoxin is cardiotoxic. D-Digitoxose has been studied in lean and obese mice to investigate its effects on insulin secretion, showing potential for diabetes research.
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| Enzyme Assay |
There is no specific enzyme/receptor binding protocol for this compound. A typical protocol for studying its effect on insulin release involves incubating isolated pancreatic islets in Krebs-Ringer buffer containing glucose (e.g., 2.8 or 16.7 mM) and various concentrations of Digitoxose (e.g., 0.1-10 mM) at 37degC in a CO2 incubator, followed by measurement of insulin in the supernatant by ELISA.
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| Cell Assay |
There is no specific cell-based protocol for this compound. If used in cellular studies, a general protocol would involve treating pancreatic beta-cell lines (e.g., INS-1 or MIN6 cells) with Digitoxose (1-20 mM) in low-glucose or high-glucose medium for 1-4 hours, followed by assessment of insulin secretion by ELISA.
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| Animal Protocol |
There is no standard in vivo protocol for this compound. A general protocol for studying its effect on glucose homeostasis involves administering Digitoxose (e.g., 1-100 mg/kg) intraperitoneally to mice, followed by a glucose tolerance test to measure insulin release and blood glucose levels over time.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
General PK properties for Digitoxose are not applicable for its use as a research reagent. Being a sugar, it is water-soluble and likely undergoes renal clearance, but detailed data for the free sugar are not available. Formulation is typically in PBS or saline.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicity data for Digitoxose are not well documented. As a deoxy sugar, it is expected to have low toxicity compared to the aglycone cardenolides. Standard safety precautions for handling laboratory chemicals should be observed.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Digoxin is a dideoxyhexose.
See also: D-Digoxin (note moved to). Digitoxose is a research tool for studying carbohydrate chemistry, glycosylation reactions, and insulin secretion pathways. As a building block for cardiac glycosides, it is used in medicinal chemistry to investigate structure-activity relationships. This product is for research use only. |
| Molecular Formula |
C6H12O4
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
148.16
|
| Exact Mass |
148.074
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| CAS # |
527-52-6
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| PubChem CID |
94168
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| Appearance |
Typically exists as solid at room temperature
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| Density |
1.366g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
320.1ºC at 760mmHg
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| Melting Point |
98-100 °C
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| Flash Point |
147.4ºC
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| Index of Refraction |
1.542
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| LogP |
-1.8
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
3
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
4
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
4
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| Heavy Atom Count |
10
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| Complexity |
104
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
3
|
| SMILES |
CC(O)C(O)C(O)CC=O.CC(O)C1OC(O)CC1O.CC1OC(O)CC(O)C1O
|
| InChi Key |
JWFRNGYBHLBCMB-NGJCXOISSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C6H12O4/c1-4(8)6(10)5(9)2-3-7/h3-6,8-10H,2H2,1H3/t4-,5+,6-/m1/s1
|
| Chemical Name |
(3S,4R,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyhexanal
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 6.7495 mL | 33.7473 mL | 67.4946 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.3499 mL | 6.7495 mL | 13.4989 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.6749 mL | 3.3747 mL | 6.7495 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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