| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 250mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
2-Phenylethyl β-D-thiogalactoside specifically targets the enzyme β-galactosidase (β-Gal). As a substrate analogue, it is designed to interact with the active site of this enzyme, which cleaves the β-D-thiogalactoside bond, resulting in the release of the phenylethyl group. This enzymatic hydrolysis serves as a reporter system in molecular biology assays. The compound's utility is based on its ability to be recognized and cleaved by β-galactosidase, making it a valuable tool for studying enzyme activity, gene expression, and protein localization.
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|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
In vitro, 2-Phenylethyl β-D-thiogalactoside functions as a chromogenic or fluorogenic substrate for β-galactosidase activity assays. The presence of active β-galactosidase leads to the hydrolysis of the compound, producing a color change or fluorescence that can be quantified to determine the enzyme's activity level. It has been used in a study to assess subnanoliter enzymatic assays on microarrays and to investigate the integration of on-column immobilized enzyme reactors in microchip electrophoresis. It serves as a fundamental building block for synthesizing complex carbohydrates, including glycoproteins and glycolipids.
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| ln Vivo |
No significant in vivo activity has been reported for 2-Phenylethyl β-D-thiogalactoside as a therapeutic agent. The compound is primarily utilized as a research reagent for in vitro biochemical assays rather than a pharmacologically active compound for in vivo applications. Its utility is confined to laboratory settings for studying enzyme kinetics and carbohydrate interactions.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro enzyme assays for 2-Phenylethyl β-D-thiogalactoside involve incubating the substrate with β-galactosidase enzyme preparations in appropriate buffer conditions. The enzyme cleaves the β-D-thiogalactoside bond, releasing the phenylethyl group and generating a detectable signal, which can be quantified to determine enzyme activity. The hydrolysis of this compound by β-galactosidase is used as a reporter system in molecular biology assays, such as the blue-white screening method for identifying recombinant plasmids.
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| Cell Assay |
For in vitro cellular experiments, 2-Phenylethyl β-D-thiogalactoside is used to investigate cell signaling and receptor interactions, providing insights into cellular responses and potential therapeutic targets. It aids in differentiating bacterial strains based on their ability to metabolize galactosides, which is crucial for identifying pathogens. The compound can be applied in studying the fermentation processes of dairy products.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal experiments with 2-Phenylethyl β-D-thiogalactoside are not commonly performed, as the compound is primarily used as an in vitro research tool. Its application in drug development is focused on targeting specific biological pathways related to glycosylation, but these studies are typically conducted in cell-based systems.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic properties of 2-Phenylethyl β-D-thiogalactoside have not been characterized, as it is a research-use biochemical reagent rather than a drug candidate. The compound should be stored at 0-8°C and is intended for research use only.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
The compound has a molecular weight of 300.37 and a molecular formula of C₁₄H₂₀O₅S. Toxicological data for 2-Phenylethyl β-D-thiogalactoside has not been systematically evaluated, as it is intended for research applications only and not for therapeutic use. Standard laboratory safety precautions should be observed when handling this chemical reagent.
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| Additional Infomation |
See also: Phenethylthio-β-galactopyranoside (note moved to).
2-Phenylethyl β-D-thiogalactoside is a versatile compound used in biochemical research, drug development, cell biology, microbiology, and food science. It enables investigations into carbohydrate-protein interactions and the conformational changes that occur upon their binding. The compound has no clinical or therapeutic applications and has not received regulatory approval for any medical indication. |
| Molecular Formula |
C14H20O5S
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
300.37
|
| Exact Mass |
300.103
|
| CAS # |
63407-54-5
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| PubChem CID |
2733797
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.39 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
539.7ºC at 760 mmHg
|
| Melting Point |
100ºC
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| Flash Point |
280.2ºC
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| Index of Refraction |
1.637
|
| LogP |
0.7
|
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
4
|
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
6
|
| Rotatable Bond Count |
5
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
20
|
| Complexity |
285
|
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
5
|
| SMILES |
C1=CC=C(C=C1)CCS[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H]([C@H](O2)CO)O)O)O
|
| InChi Key |
ZNAMMSOYKPMPGC-HTOAHKCRSA-N
|
| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C14H20O5S/c15-8-10-11(16)12(17)13(18)14(19-10)20-7-6-9-4-2-1-3-5-9/h1-5,10-18H,6-8H2/t10-,11+,12+,13-,14+/m1/s1
|
| Chemical Name |
(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-(2-phenylethylsulfanyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment (e.g. under nitrogen), avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 3.3292 mL | 16.6461 mL | 33.2923 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.6658 mL | 3.3292 mL | 6.6585 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3329 mL | 1.6646 mL | 3.3292 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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