Nonan-1-ol does not have a defined biological target as a therapeutic agent. It is a primary alcohol used as a solvent, chemical intermediate, and flavor and fragrance ingredient. The compound is not intended to exert pharmacological effects. Its utility lies in its physical and chemical properties as an alcohol.

A biochemical reagent called nonan-1-ol can be utilized in life science research as an organic substance or biological material.

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Specific in vitro activity data for Nonan-1-ol as a pharmacological agent are not documented in the literature, as it is primarily used as a solvent and chemical intermediate. The compound is not characterized for direct biological activities such as enzyme inhibition, receptor modulation, or antimicrobial effects. Its effects in biological systems are primarily related to its properties as an alcohol.

Nonan-1-ol is not used for in vivo pharmacological activity assessment as a drug compound. It is a solvent, chemical intermediate, and flavor and fragrance ingredient. The compound is not intended to be administered for therapeutic purposes. Its safety has been evaluated in the context of its use as a flavoring agent and industrial solvent.

Nonan-1-ol is not typically used in enzyme/receptor binding assays as a test compound. Its primary applications are as a solvent and chemical intermediate. When used in research, it may serve as a solvent for organic reactions or as a standard for the analysis of alcohols. Standard chemical and analytical protocols are employed for its use.

Nonan-1-ol is not used in cell-based assays as a test compound for pharmacological effects. Its primary applications are as a solvent and chemical intermediate. The compound is not characterized for direct cellular effects, cytotoxicity, or any pharmacological activity at relevant concentrations. It may be used as a solvent in cell culture media or for compound solubilization in some research applications.

Nonan-1-ol is not used in animal studies as a pharmacological agent. Its primary applications are as a solvent, chemical intermediate, and flavor and fragrance ingredient. The compound may be used in toxicological studies to assess its safety as a flavoring agent or industrial solvent, but it is not administered as a test compound for efficacy evaluations.

Absorption, Distribution and Excretion
Skin absorption is low; in vitro studies show that the dermal flux of 1-nonanol in human skin (epidermis) is 0.003 mg/cm²/hr. Metabolism/Metabolites Like other primary alcohols, nonanol undergoes two main reactions in vivo. First, it is oxidized to form carboxylic acid derivatives, and then it directly binds to glucuronic acid. The extent to which nonanol directly binds to glucuronic acid has been reported to be 4.1%. Compared to methylpentanol and 2-ethylbutanol, which form ester glucuronides, the oxidation of nonanol is almost uninhibited.

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Nonan-1-ol has a molecular weight of 144.25 g/mol and a molecular formula of C₉H₂₀O. It is a colorless liquid with a characteristic odor, a boiling point of 213°C, and a density of 0.828 g/mL at 25°C. The compound is slightly soluble in water and miscible with organic solvents. It is used as a solvent, chemical intermediate, and flavor and fragrance ingredient.

Toxicity Data
LC50 (mice) = 5,500 mg/m³/2h

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Non-human toxicity values
Mouse inhalation LC50: 5500 mg/m²/hour
Rat oral LD50: 3.56 g/kg
Rabbit dermal 24-hour LD50: 5.66 ml/kg
Mouse intraperitoneal injection LD50: 0.8 g/kg /Nonanol/
For more complete non-human toxicity data for 1-nonanol (10 in total), please visit the HSDB record page.

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Nonan-1-ol is intended for research and industrial use only and is not approved for human therapeutic applications. As a flavoring agent and industrial solvent, it has been evaluated for safety in various applications. Standard safety precautions should be observed when handling this compound, including the use of appropriate personal protective equipment. The compound should be handled in well-ventilated areas with proper waste disposal procedures.

Nonanol is a colorless liquid with a rose or fruity odor, floats on water, and has a freezing point of -5°C (23°F). (US Coast Guard, 1999)
Non-1-ol is a nonane derivative with a hydroxyl group substituted at the 1-position. It has been isolated from the volatile oils of plants such as barley. Nonanol can be used as a plant metabolite, volatile oil component, flavoring agent, and antifungal agent. It is a nonanol and also a primary alcohol.
Non-1-ol has been reported in Francisella tularensis, Humulus lupulus, and several other organisms with relevant data.
Mechanism of Action
...Medium-chain alcohols (pentanol to octanol) cause the channel current to fluctuate between fully open and fully closed states, causing the channel opening to occur in the form of a burst of pulses, accompanied by brief gaps...The number of gaps in the burst depends on the concentration of the alcohol, while the duration of the gaps is independent of concentration but increases with increasing alcohol chain length, up to octanol. Nonanol and decanol shortened the average duration of pulse train open time but did not increase the number of brief off intervals within the pulse train. Beyond decanol, the ability of n-alcohols to affect channel function began to decline. Saturated undecyl alcohol solution (0.07 mM) reduced the average open time by 33 ± 17%, while saturated dodecanol solution had no significant effect. All n-alcohols from pentanol to undecyl alcohol reduced the current integral per pulse. The IC50 values are as follows: hexanol, 0.53 ± 0.14 mM; heptanol, 0.097 ± 0.02 mM; octanol, 0.04 mM; nonanol, 0.16 ± 0.035 mM… The calculated blocking rate constant (k+B) for pentanol to nonanol ranges from 2.8 to 5.7 × 10⁶ /M/s… The equilibrium dissociation constant (KD) (KD = kB/k+B), calculated from the blocking rate constant and the dissociation rate constant, decreases with increasing chain length, from 8 mM for pentanol to 0.15 mM for octanol. The calculated standard free energy of each methylene group adsorbed to the adsorption site is approximately -3.3 kJ/mol.

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Nonan-1-ol (Nine-carbon alcohol) (CAS#: 143-08-8) has a molecular formula of C₉H₂₀O and a molecular weight of 144.25 g/mol. It is a primary alcohol used as a solvent, chemical intermediate, and flavor and fragrance ingredient. This compound is not a drug and has not undergone clinical trials.

C9H20O

144.26

144.151

143-08-8

Nonan-1-ol-d19;349553-86-2;Nonan-1-ol-d4;33975-46-1

8914

Colorless to yellowish liquid

0.827 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)

215 °C(lit.)

23 °F (USCG, 1999) ; -5 °C ; -5 °C

208 °F

13 mm Hg ( 104 °C)

n20/D 1.433(lit.)

2.729

1

1

7

10

52.7

0

O([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H]

ZWRUINPWMLAQRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N

InChI=1S/C9H20O/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10/h10H,2-9H2,1H3

nonan-1-ol

2934.99.9001

Powder      -20°C    3 years

                     4°C     2 years

In solvent   -80°C    6 months

                  -20°C    1 month

Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples

Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.

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Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)
*Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution.
Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline)
Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil)
Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals).

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Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)]
*Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution.
Injection Formulation 5: 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin : Saline = 50 : 50 (i.e. 500 μL 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin → 500 μL Saline)
Injection Formulation 6: DMSO : PEG300 : castor oil : Saline = 5 : 10 : 20 : 65 (i.e. 50 μL DMSO → 100 μLPEG300 → 200 μL castor oil → 650 μL Saline)
Injection Formulation 7: Ethanol : Cremophor : Saline = 10： 10 : 80 (i.e. 100 μL Ethanol → 100 μL Cremophor → 800 μL Saline)
Injection Formulation 8: Dissolve in Cremophor/Ethanol (50 : 50), then diluted by Saline
Injection Formulation 9: EtOH : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 900 μL Corn oil)
Injection Formulation 10: EtOH : PEG300：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL EtOH → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline)

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Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium)
Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose
Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals).

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Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400
Oral Formulation 4: Suspend in 0.2% Carboxymethyl cellulose
Oral Formulation 5: Dissolve in 0.25% Tween 80 and 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose
Oral Formulation 6: Mixing with food powders

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Note: Please be aware that the above formulations are for reference only. InvivoChem strongly recommends customers to read literature methods/protocols carefully before determining which formulation you should use for in vivo studies, as different compounds have different solubility properties and have to be formulated differently.

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 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)