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| 1mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
The unlabeled compound, beta-Nicotinamide mononucleotide (beta-NM), is a product of the nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) reaction and a key intermediate in the salvage pathway of NAD+ biosynthesis. NAD+ is an essential coenzyme involved in cellular energy metabolism, DNA repair, and signaling. beta-NM targets NAD+-dependent enzymes including sirtuins and PARPs.
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| ln Vitro |
Drug compounds have included stable heavy isotopes of carbon, hydrogen, and other elements, mostly as tracers for quantification throughout the drug development process. Due to its potential to alter the pharmacokinetic and metabolic characteristics of medications, deuteration has drawn attention[1].
The labeled compound beta-NMN-d4 is expected to exhibit the same biological activity as the unlabeled parent beta-NM. In cell-free assays, beta-NM serves as a substrate for nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransferase (NMNAT), the enzyme that converts NMN to NAD+. The activity is measured by quantifying NAD+ production using enzyme-coupled assays or LC-MS. |
| ln Vivo |
Unlabeled beta-Nicotinamide mononucleotide has demonstrated in vivo activities including cardioprotection, improvement of glucose tolerance in diabetes models, alleviation of Alzheimer's disease pathology, and mitigation of obesity-related complications in animal models. The labeled analog is used as an internal standard in such studies to quantify NMN levels.
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| Enzyme Assay |
There is no specific enzyme protocol for the labeled standard. For NMNAT activity assays, beta-NMN-d4 is used as an internal standard for quantification. A typical LC-MS/MS method involves spiking the labeled standard into samples, using a C18 column, and monitoring the mass transitions for NMN (e.g., m/z 335 → 123) and NMN-d4 (e.g., m/z 339 → 127) in positive ion mode.
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| Cell Assay |
This compound is not used in cell-based experiments for its activity; it is an internal standard. In cell culture studies of NAD+ metabolism, beta-NMN-d4 is added to cell lysates or culture media at a fixed concentration (e.g., 10-100 nM) during sample preparation. It is used to correct for extraction efficiency and matrix effects when quantifying unlabeled NMN by LC-MS/MS.
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| Animal Protocol |
There is no direct in vivo protocol for the labeled standard. In PK studies of NMN or NAD+ precursors, animals are dosed with unlabeled beta-NM or its prodrugs. Blood and tissue samples are collected, and beta-NMN-d4 is added as an internal standard to quantify the levels of the administered compound and its metabolites by LC-MS/MS.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
PK properties of unlabeled beta-NM: As a highly polar nucleotide, beta-NM has low oral bioavailability (<10%) and is rapidly cleared from plasma by conversion to NAD+ or excretion. In mice, the half-life after IV injection is approximately 30-60 minutes. The labeled standard is formulated in aqueous solutions (e.g., water, PBS, or 0.1% formic acid in water) for analytical use.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicity of beta-Nicotinamide mononucleotide is generally low, and the deuterated analog is expected to have a similar safety profile. At high doses, NMN may cause mild gastrointestinal distress. Standard laboratory safety precautions for handling biochemical reagents should be followed. Not for human consumption.
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| References |
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| Additional Infomation |
beta-Nicotinamide mononucleotide is a key NAD+ intermediate and a popular dietary supplement for anti-aging research. The deuterated version (beta-NM-d4) is an essential tool for accurate quantitative analysis of NMN in biological samples, including pharmacokinetic studies, tissue distribution, and metabolic flux analysis. It is for research use only and not intended for diagnostic or therapeutic applications.
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| Molecular Formula |
C11H11D4N2O8P
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| Molecular Weight |
338.24
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| Related CAS # |
β-Nicotinamide mononucleotide;1094-61-7
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| Appearance |
Typically exists as solid at room temperature
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.9565 mL | 14.7824 mL | 29.5648 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.5913 mL | 2.9565 mL | 5.9130 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2956 mL | 1.4782 mL | 2.9565 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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