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| Targets |
Calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate serves as a source of calcium and phosphate for bone health. It provides essential minerals necessary for bone homeostasis. The compound is included in animal feeds as a source of calcium and phosphorus to support the nutritional needs of livestock, promoting growth and bone development. As a pharmaceutical excipient, it functions as a diluent and adsorbent in drug formulations. The compound's presence in urinary calculi stones is relevant for understanding kidney stone formation.
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro, calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate is used as a pharmaceutical excipient. It serves as a calcium supplement in dietary formulations. The compound is used as a food additive to fortify cereals and dairy products. It can be used as an analytical method for measuring calcium concentrations in biological samples. The compound has been shown to have biological properties when used as a citrate buffer in vitro. Cellular assays typically evaluate calcium and phosphate availability.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate is used as a calcium supplement to support bone health. It is included in animal feeds to promote growth and bone development in livestock. The compound can be found in urinary calculi stones, indicating its role in stone formation. As a pharmaceutical excipient, it is an inactive ingredient in drug formulations. The compound's calcium and phosphate content supports bone homeostasis in vivo. It is classified as a pharmaceutical excipient or adjuvant.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro assays for calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate typically evaluate its calcium and phosphate release properties. A standard protocol involves incubating the compound in simulated body fluid or buffer systems at physiological pH (7.4) and temperature (37°C). Calcium and phosphate concentrations are measured over time using colorimetric assays or ion-selective electrodes. The compound's dissolution and ion release kinetics are evaluated. The compound's ability to support cell growth and mineralization can be evaluated in cell culture systems.
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| Cell Assay |
Cellular assays for calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate typically evaluate its effects on bone-related cells such as osteoblasts or osteoclasts. A standard protocol involves culturing cells in growth medium supplemented with the compound. Cells are cultured at 37°C with 5% CO₂. Cell proliferation, differentiation, and mineralization are assessed using appropriate assays (e.g., alkaline phosphatase activity, calcium deposition). The compound's effects on gene expression related to bone formation are evaluated by qRT-PCR. Cytotoxicity is assessed using MTT or similar assays.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies for calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate typically evaluate its effects on bone health and calcium bioavailability. A standard protocol involves administering the compound to rodents or other animals via diet or oral gavage. Animals are maintained on controlled diets. Bone mineral density, calcium and phosphate levels in serum and tissues, and bone histomorphometry are evaluated. The compound's effects on growth and bone development are assessed. The compound is also studied in the context of urinary stone formation.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Absorption, Distribution and Excretion
... Its components are slowly absorbed in the small intestine. Pharmacokinetic data for calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate is limited, as it is a mineral compound rather than a pharmaceutical agent. The compound has a molecular weight of 172.09 g/mol and a molecular formula of CaHPO₄·2H₂O. It is stored as a solid at room temperature. As a calcium phosphate salt, it dissolves in acidic environments releasing calcium and phosphate ions. The compound's bioavailability depends on its dissolution and the body's calcium and phosphate homeostasis. |
| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate is generally recognized as safe for use as a food additive and pharmaceutical excipient. It is classified for research use and as a pharmaceutical excipient. Standard safety precautions include handling with appropriate personal protective equipment (gloves, lab coat, safety goggles) in a well-ventilated area. The compound should be stored in a dry, cool place away from incompatible materials. No significant acute toxicity is expected at normal usage levels. As a mineral compound, it is not associated with significant toxicity when used as intended.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Calcium hydrogen phosphate is a type of calcium phosphate.
Therapeutic Use Uses—An excellent source of calcium and phosphorus during pregnancy, lactation, or mild to moderate hypocalcemia (characterized by mild tetany). …If tetany is severe, intravenous calcium supplementation may be necessary. …Dosage—1 to 5 grams daily, divided into two or more doses. This product is not sold as a single formulation; therefore, the dosage of other components may need to be considered when developing an appropriate dosing regimen.Low doses and frequent administration of calcium are more readily absorbed. Medicinal (Veterinary): Used for the prevention and treatment of rickets, in conjunction with vitamin D therapy, and as a source of calcium and phosphorus in feed. The calcium-to-phosphorus ratio in the diet must be maintained at an optimal level. Calcium hydrogen phosphate, National Formulary…/belongs to CMPD/, is classified as a non-systemic gastric acid inhibitor, but its efficacy is low and it is rarely used. Medicinal (Veterinary): Formerly used as a dietary supplement and antacid. Drug Warning Due to the presence of phosphates, this medication is contraindicated in patients with hypoparathyroidism. Calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate (DCPD, CAS 7789-77-7) is a pharmaceutical excipient and food additive with the molecular formula CaHPO₄·2H₂O. It is used as a calcium supplement, diluent, and adsorbent. The compound is classified as a pharmaceutical excipient and is not a therapeutic agent. It is available from multiple commercial suppliers in various pack sizes. No clinical trials or approved drug status exist for this compound as it is not a therapeutic agent. Its applications are in pharmaceuticals, food, and animal feed. |
| Molecular Formula |
CAH5O6P
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
172.09
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| Exact Mass |
171.944
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| CAS # |
7789-77-7
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| Related CAS # |
10103-46-5 (Parent)
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| PubChem CID |
24441
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| Appearance |
Triclinic crystals
White crystalline powder |
| Density |
2.31
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| Boiling Point |
158ºC at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
109°C -H₂O
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| Index of Refraction |
1.5394
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
1
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
4
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
0
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| Heavy Atom Count |
6
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| Complexity |
46.5
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
[Ca+2].P(=O)([O-])([O-])O[H].O([H])[H].O([H])[H]
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| InChi Key |
FUFJGUQYACFECW-UHFFFAOYSA-L
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/Ca.H3O4P/c;1-5(2,3)4/h;(H3,1,2,3,4)/q+2;/p-2
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| Chemical Name |
calcium;hydrogen phosphate
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 5.8109 mL | 29.0546 mL | 58.1091 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.1622 mL | 5.8109 mL | 11.6218 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.5811 mL | 2.9055 mL | 5.8109 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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