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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
D-Glucal is a synthetic intermediate and carbohydrate building block rather than a direct pharmacological agent. As a building block, it does not have specific biological receptors as its primary targets. The compound's mechanism of action in synthesis involves its glycal structure, which allows for various transformations including glycosylation, epoxidation, and reduction. It is an important building block for both solution- and solid-phase synthesis of oligosaccharides. Its primary applications are as a synthetic intermediate for carbohydrate chemistry and glycobiology research.
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| ln Vitro |
For life science-related research, D-glucal is a biochemical reagent that can be utilized as an organic compound or biological material.
In vitro, D-glucal is used as a biochemical reagent and carbohydrate building block for biomedical research. It is an important building block for both solution- and solid-phase synthesis of oligosaccharides. It is a versatile synthetic intermediate derived from D-glucose. Cellular assays are typically performed on the final glycosylated compounds synthesized from this building block rather than on the building block itself. The compound's glycal structure allows for various chemical transformations, making it valuable for carbohydrate chemistry and drug discovery. |
| ln Vivo |
In vivo data for D-glucal is limited, as it is primarily a research reagent and synthetic intermediate. The compound is classified for research use only and is not intended for human or veterinary therapeutic applications. However, oligosaccharides and glycoconjugates synthesized using this building block may have various biological activities. The compound's primary value lies in its use as a synthetic intermediate for carbohydrate chemistry. Specific in vivo data for the parent compound is not available in the public literature.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro enzyme/receptor binding assays for D-glucal are not typically performed, as it is primarily a synthetic intermediate. The compound is used as a building block in carbohydrate synthesis to prepare oligosaccharides and glycoconjugates. A typical assay involves using the compound in chemical reactions, such as glycosylation or epoxidation, to prepare final compounds. The compound is dissolved in organic solvents such as dichloromethane or THF. The resulting products can be evaluated for biological activity. Enzyme inhibition or receptor binding assays can be performed on the final synthesized glycoconjugates. IC₅₀ or binding affinity values are calculated from dose-response curves.
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| Cell Assay |
Cellular assays for D-glucal are not standard, as the compound is primarily a synthetic intermediate. The compound is used in the preparation of oligosaccharides and glycoconjugates. A typical protocol for evaluating the biological activity of synthesized compounds involves culturing appropriate cell lines in growth medium at 37°C with 5% CO₂. Cells are treated with synthesized compounds at varying concentrations for 24-72 hours. Cell viability, proliferation, or specific signaling readouts are assessed. IC₅₀ or EC₅₀ values are calculated from dose-response curves. The compound itself is not typically tested in cellular assays.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies for D-glucal are not standard, as it is a synthetic intermediate rather than a therapeutic candidate. The compound is classified for research use only and is not intended for human or veterinary applications. Any animal studies would typically be conducted on the final oligosaccharides or glycoconjugates synthesized using this building block. These studies would evaluate efficacy, pharmacokinetics, and safety in appropriate animal models. The compound's primary value lies in its use as a synthetic intermediate.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic data for D-glucal is limited, as it is primarily a research reagent. The compound has a molecular weight of 146.14 g/mol and a molecular formula of C₆H₁₀O₄. It is a solid at room temperature with a melting point of 57.0-62.0°C. It has a specific rotation [α]20/D of -7.0 to -12.0° (c=2, H2O). As a sugar derivative, it may undergo metabolic conversion to glucose or other metabolites. Specific ADME data is not available. The compound is stored in a dry, cool place.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
D-Glucal is classified for research use only and is not intended for human or veterinary applications. Standard safety precautions include handling with appropriate personal protective equipment (gloves, lab coat, safety goggles) in a well-ventilated area. The compound should be stored in a dry, cool place away from incompatible materials. Acute toxicity data is not readily available in the public literature. As with all research chemicals, appropriate laboratory safety practices should be followed. No specific LD₅₀ values are available in the public domain.
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| Additional Infomation |
See also: Glucal (note moved to).
D-Glucal (1,5-anhydro-2-deoxy-D-arabino-hex-1-enitol, CAS 13265-84-4) is a biochemical reagent with the molecular formula C₆H₁₀O₄. It is a cyclic enol ether and versatile synthetic intermediate derived from D-glucose, used as an important building block for oligosaccharide synthesis. The compound is classified as a research-use-only compound not intended for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes. |
| Molecular Formula |
C6H10O4
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
146.14
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| Exact Mass |
146.057
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| CAS # |
13265-84-4
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| PubChem CID |
2734736
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.4±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
325.5±42.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
58-60ºC
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| Flash Point |
150.7±27.9 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±1.6 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.565
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| LogP |
-1.8
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
3
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
4
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
1
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| Heavy Atom Count |
10
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| Complexity |
134
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
3
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| SMILES |
C1=CO[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]1O)O)CO
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| InChi Key |
YVECGMZCTULTIS-PBXRRBTRSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C6H10O4/c7-3-5-6(9)4(8)1-2-10-5/h1-2,4-9H,3H2/t4-,5-,6+/m1/s1
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| Chemical Name |
(2R,3S,4R)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran-3,4-diol
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 6.8428 mL | 34.2138 mL | 68.4275 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.3686 mL | 6.8428 mL | 13.6855 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.6843 mL | 3.4214 mL | 6.8428 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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