| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5g |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Polydextrose does not have a specific biological receptor target as it is a dietary fiber rather than a pharmacologically active drug. Its effects are mediated through physicochemical mechanisms in the gastrointestinal tract. As a soluble fiber, it increases viscosity of intestinal contents, slows gastric emptying, and reduces nutrient absorption. It also serves as a substrate for colonic fermentation, producing short-chain fatty acids that may have metabolic effects. The cholesterol-lowering effect is thought to be mediated through binding of bile acids in the intestine. Polydextrose also acts as a prebiotic, promoting the growth of beneficial gut bacteria.
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro, polydextrose exhibits no pharmacological activity as it is a dietary fiber. Its properties are evaluated in terms of its physicochemical characteristics: water solubility, viscosity, and fermentability. In cell culture, polydextrose is not typically tested for biological activity as it is not cell-permeable. However, its fermentation products (short-chain fatty acids) can be studied for effects on intestinal epithelial cells. The compound's cholesterol-lowering and lipid-lowering effects have been demonstrated, but these are mediated through gastrointestinal mechanisms rather than direct cellular activity.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, polydextrose has been shown to have cholesterol-lowering and plasma lipid-lowering effects, effectively reducing low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. These effects are mediated through mechanisms including increased bile acid excretion, reduced cholesterol absorption, and modulation of lipid metabolism. Polydextrose also acts as a soluble dietary fiber that promotes satiety and regulates bowel function. It is not absorbed systemically and does not exert pharmacological effects beyond the gastrointestinal tract. The compound is commonly used as a food ingredient and dietary fiber supplement.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro assays for polydextrose focus on its physicochemical properties rather than receptor binding. Standard characterization includes measurement of molecular weight by gel permeation chromatography, determination of water solubility and viscosity, and analysis of fermentation by gut microbiota. For cholesterol-binding studies, polydextrose is incubated with bile acids or cholesterol in simulated intestinal conditions, and binding capacity is measured by HPLC or colorimetric assays. For prebiotic activity, polydextrose is fermented with fecal microbiota in anaerobic culture, and short-chain fatty acid production is measured by GC.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cell culture experiments with polydextrose are not standard as the compound is a non-absorbable dietary fiber. When studying its effects on intestinal cells, epithelial cell lines (e.g., Caco-2) are cultured in Transwell systems and exposed to polydextrose or its fermentation products. Cell viability is assessed using MTT assays. For studies of immune modulation, immune cells (e.g., macrophages, dendritic cells) are treated with polydextrose or fermentation supernatants, and cytokine production is measured by ELISA. The compound itself is not cell-permeable and acts through indirect mechanisms.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies with polydextrose typically involve dietary supplementation in rodents. A standard protocol involves feeding rats or mice a diet containing 5-10% polydextrose for 4-8 weeks. Blood samples are collected for measurement of serum cholesterol, triglycerides, and glucose. Fecal samples are analyzed for bile acid excretion and short-chain fatty acid content. At study termination, tissues (liver, intestine, adipose) are collected for histopathological examination and gene expression analysis. Body weight, food intake, and glucose tolerance are monitored throughout the study.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic properties of polydextrose are characterized by minimal systemic absorption. As a high molecular weight polymer, it is not absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and remains in the intestinal lumen. It is partially fermented by gut microbiota to produce short-chain fatty acids, which are absorbed and metabolized. The compound itself is not distributed to tissues and is excreted in feces. No formal pharmacokinetic studies are conducted as polydextrose is a food ingredient rather than a drug. Its effects are local in the gastrointestinal tract.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicological data for polydextrose indicate that it is safe for human consumption. It is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) for use in food products. At high doses, it may cause gastrointestinal side effects such as bloating, flatulence, and diarrhea due to its fermentable fiber content. The compound is not classified as a carcinogen, mutagen, or reproductive toxicant. No significant toxicity has been observed in animal studies at dietary levels up to 10% of the diet. Polydextrose is considered safe for use in food and pharmaceutical applications.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Isomaltose is a metabolite found or produced in Escherichia coli (K12 strain, MG1655 strain). It is a disaccharide composed of two glucose units linked by an α(1-6) glycosidic bond.
Polydextrose is a unique dietary fiber with multiple applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries. It is used as a low-calorie bulking agent, thickener, stabilizer, humectant, and texturizing agent. In pharmaceutical manufacturing, it is used as a filler and binder in tablet production. The compound has cholesterol-lowering and plasma lipid-lowering effects. It has not undergone clinical trials as a drug but is approved as a food additive. Its mechanism of action is physicochemical—increasing intestinal viscosity, binding bile acids, and serving as a substrate for colonic fermentation. |
| Molecular Formula |
C12H22O11
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
342.29648
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| Exact Mass |
342.116
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| CAS # |
68424-04-4
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| Related CAS # |
68424-04-4
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| PubChem CID |
71306906
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.8±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
662.8±55.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
>130°
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| Flash Point |
354.6±31.5 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±4.6 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.652
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| LogP |
-3.2
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
8
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
11
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
4
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| Heavy Atom Count |
23
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| Complexity |
382
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
9
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| SMILES |
OC[C@H]1OC(OC[C@H]2O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]2O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O
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| InChi Key |
DLRVVLDZNNYCBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C12H22O11/c13-1-3-5(14)8(17)10(19)12(23-3)21-2-4-6(15)7(16)9(18)11(20)22-4/h3-20H,1-2H2
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| Chemical Name |
6-[[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxane-2,3,4,5-tetrol
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
May dissolve in DMSO (in most cases), if not, try other solvents such as H2O, Ethanol, or DMF with a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Note: Listed below are some common formulations that may be used to formulate products with low water solubility (e.g. < 1 mg/mL), you may test these formulations using a minute amount of products to avoid loss of samples.
Injection Formulations
Injection Formulation 1: DMSO : Tween 80： Saline = 10 : 5 : 85 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO stock solution → 50 μL Tween 80 → 850 μL Saline)(e.g. IP/IV/IM/SC) *Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH ₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Injection Formulation 2: DMSO : PEG300 ：Tween 80 : Saline = 10 : 40 : 5 : 45 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 400 μLPEG300 → 50 μL Tween 80 → 450 μL Saline) Injection Formulation 3: DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90 (i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL Corn oil) Example: Take the Injection Formulation 3 (DMSO : Corn oil = 10 : 90) as an example, if 1 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can take 100 μL 25 mg/mL DMSO stock solution and add to 900 μL corn oil, mix well to obtain a clear or suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Injection Formulation 4: DMSO : 20% SBE-β-CD in saline = 10 : 90 [i.e. 100 μL DMSO → 900 μL (20% SBE-β-CD in saline)] Oral Formulations
Oral Formulation 1: Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na (carboxymethylcellulose sodium) Oral Formulation 2: Suspend in 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose Example: Take the Oral Formulation 1 (Suspend in 0.5% CMC Na) as an example, if 100 mL of 2.5 mg/mL working solution is to be prepared, you can first prepare 0.5% CMC Na solution by measuring 0.5 g CMC Na and dissolve it in 100 mL ddH2O to obtain a clear solution; then add 250 mg of the product to 100 mL 0.5% CMC Na solution, to make the suspension solution (2.5 mg/mL, ready for use in animals). View More
Oral Formulation 3: Dissolved in PEG400 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.9214 mL | 14.6071 mL | 29.2141 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.5843 mL | 2.9214 mL | 5.8428 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2921 mL | 1.4607 mL | 2.9214 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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